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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Cell Biology: Journal of Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Elektronenmikroskopie: Journal of Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Zellbiologie >The cellular basis of chitin synthesis in fungi and insects: Common principles and differences
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The cellular basis of chitin synthesis in fungi and insects: Common principles and differences

机译：真菌和昆虫中几丁质合成的细胞基础：共同原理和差异

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摘要

Chitin is a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, which assembles into microfibrils of about 20 sugar chains. These microfibrils serve as a structural component of natural biocomposites found in cell walls and specialized extracellular matrices such as cuticles and peritrophic membranes. Chitin synthesis is performed by a wide range of organisms including fungi and insects. The underlying biosynthetic machinery is highly conserved and involves several enzymes, of which the chitin synthase is the key enzyme. This membrane integral glycosyltransferase catalyzes the polymerization reaction. Most of what we know about chitin synthesis derives from studies of fungal and insect systems. In this review, common principles and differences will be worked out at the levels of gene organization, enzymatic properties, cellular localization and regulation
机译：几丁质是N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖的聚合物，可组装成约20条糖链的微纤维。这些微纤维是细胞壁和特殊的细胞外基质（例如角质层和营养膜）中发现的天然生物复合物的结构成分。几丁质的合成由包括真菌和昆虫在内的多种生物完成。潜在的生物合成机制是高度保守的，涉及几种酶，其中几丁质合酶是关键酶。该膜整体糖基转移酶催化聚合反应。我们对甲壳质合成的大多数了解来自真菌和昆虫系统的研究。在这篇综述中，将在基因组织，酶学性质，细胞定位和调节水平上研究出共同的原理和差异。

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