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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Innovation Management >The evolution of technological inequalities: country effect vs industry composition
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The evolution of technological inequalities: country effect vs industry composition

机译：技术不平等的演变：国家效应与产业构成

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Purpose - Using the EU-KLEMS database for 12 countries and 16 industries, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the differences in technological capital intensity (R&D capital stock as a percentage of GVA) between industries and the evolution of inequalities between the EU-11 and the USA, as well as between EU countries. Design/methodology/approach - The authors use shift-share analysis and a Theil inequality index to break down these inequalities and to quantify the importance of either a country or a specialization effect. Findings - Results from the shift-share analysis show that there was a technological gap in favor of the USA until the mid-1990s linked to the greater accumulation of technological capital in most of the productive sectors considered, this being the main reason for the differences in technological innovation between the USA and the EU-11. However, since 1995 a change in productive specialization has occurred, with a significant drop in the weight of lower technology-intensive industries in the EU-11 economy, as well as a significant drop in the weight of some medium technology-intensive industries in the USA, accounting for the reduction in the technological gap between the EU and the USA. Results from the Theil index show that the differences in the productive structure of European countries explain most of their differences in technological capital intensity. Originality/value - The study discusses the issue from the standpoint of the distribution of technological innovation across industries. The variable analyzed and constructed is R&D capital stock and not R&D expenditures. It applies a methodology (shift-share analysis and Theil index) not commonly used to analyze technological innovation inequalities.
机译：目的-使用适用于12个国家和16个行业的EU-KLEMS数据库，本文的目的是分析行业之间技术资本强度（R＆D资本存量占GVA的百分比）的差异以及EU-KL之间不平等的演变11和美国以及欧盟国家之间。设计/方法/方法-作者使用转移份额分析和Theil不平等指数来分解这些不平等现象，并量化一个国家或专业化作用的重要性。调查结果-变动份额分析的结果表明，在1990年代中期之前，美国一直存在有利于技术的差距，这与所考虑的大多数生产部门的技术资本的积累有关，这是造成差异的主要原因美国和欧盟11国之间的技术创新。但是，自1995年以来，生产专业化发生了变化，欧盟11国经济中技术密集程度较低的行业的权重显着下降，而欧盟中某些技术密集程度中等的行业的权重却显着下降。美国，这是欧盟与美国之间技术差距缩小的原因。 Theil指数的结果表明，欧洲国家生产结构的差异可以解释其大部分技术资本强度的差异。原创性/价值-该研究从行业中技术创新的分布角度讨论了这个问题。分析和构造的变量是研发资本存量，而不是研发支出。它采用了不常用来分析技术创新不平等的方法（转移份额分析和泰尔指数）。

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