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首页> 外文期刊>Immunology: An Official Journal of the British Society for Immunology >CD4 T cells in immunity and immunotherapy of Alzheimer's disease
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CD4 T cells in immunity and immunotherapy of Alzheimer's disease

机译：CD4 T细胞在阿尔茨海默氏病的免疫和免疫治疗中的作用

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, with prevalence progressively increasing with aging. Pathological hallmarks of the disease include accumulation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain associated with glial activation and synaptotoxicity. In addition, AD involves peripheral and brain endogenous inflammatory processes that appear to enhance disease progression. More than a decade ago a new therapeutic paradigm emerged for AD, namely the activation of the adaptive immune system directly against the self-peptide Aβ, aimed at lowering its accumulation in the brain. This was the first time that a brain peptide was used to vaccinate human subjects in a manner similar to classic viral or bacterial vaccines. The vaccination approach has taken several forms, from initially active to passive and then back to modified active vaccines. As the first two approaches to date failed to show sufficient efficacy, the last is presently being evaluated in ongoing clinical trials. The present review summarizes the immunogenic characteristics of Aβ in humans and mice and discusses past, present and future Aβ-based immunotherapeutic approaches for AD. We emphasize potential pathogenic and beneficial roles of CD4 T cells in light of the pathogenesis and the general decline in T-cell responsiveness evident in the disease.
机译：阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）是痴呆症的最常见形式，其患病率随着年龄的增长而逐渐增加。该疾病的病理特征包括与神经胶质激活和突触毒性有关的淀粉样β蛋白（Aβ）肽和神经原纤维缠结在大脑中的积累。另外，AD涉及似乎促进疾病进展的外周和脑内源性炎症过程。十多年前，AD出现了新的治疗范例，即直接针对自身肽Aβ的适应性免疫系统的激活，旨在降低其在大脑中的蓄积。这是第一次使用脑肽以类似于经典病毒或细菌疫苗的方式为人类受试者接种疫苗。疫苗接种方法有几种形式，从最初的主动疫苗到被动疫苗，再到改良的主动疫苗。由于迄今为止的前两种方法未能显示出足够的疗效，因此目前正在进行的临床试验正在评估最后一种方法。本综述总结了人类和小鼠中Aβ的免疫原性特征，并讨论了过去，现在和将来基于Aβ的AD免疫治疗方法。根据发病机理和疾病中明显的T细胞反应性普遍下降，我们强调CD4 T细胞的潜在致病作用和有益作用。

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