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Highly variable clonal diversity and spatial structure in populations of sickle medic

机译：镰状军医种群的克隆多样性和空间结构高度可变

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Clonal diversity and spatial structure in six remnant Estonian populations of sickle medic Medicago sativa ssp. falcata growing in different habitat conditions were estimated at three different spatial scales, in 1 m(2) and 4 m(2) small-scale plots and in 30-60 m long linear transects, using four polymorphic isozyme markers. Sampling all ramets in fourteen 1 m(2) quadrates yielded 419 ramets which displayed 113 multilocus genotypes (MLGs), whereas 311 ramets from 4 m(2) plots exhibited 144 genets and 262 ramets in six transects revealed 223 genets. All MLGs except two were distinct, indicating extremely high genotypic diversity and strong differentiation among populations. Highly variable small-scale spatial structure with adjacent ramets of identical MLGs and different sizes was detected in quadrates up to monoclonality of some plots. Differences in local disturbances and land-use history of populations were found to be associated with their variable genotypic structure and diversity. Sexual reproduction was locally suppressed in abandoned grassland at places with a dense cover of competing grasses and thick litter layer, however, still occurring in suitable or disturbed places. Strong competition at sites densely covered with adult plants has led to the local elimination of small clones and preferential spread of survived clones. High clonal richness observed in long transects with up to 100% consisting of unique MLGs suggests ability of sickle medic for repeated sexual reproduction in established populations. Local disturbances are supposed to provide suitable microsites for seedling recruitment, evidenced by the presence of unique and small MLGs of recent origin
机译：爱沙尼亚六个镰刀药用苜蓿残存种群的克隆多样性和空间结构。使用四个多态同工酶标记，在1 m（2）和4 m（2）小规模样地以及30-60 m长的线性样带中，在三个不同的空间尺度上估计了在不同栖息地条件下生长的falcata。在14个1 m（2）的正方形中对所有分株进行采样，得到419个分株，这些分株显示113个多基因座基因型（MLGs），而来自4 m（2）地块的311个分株表现出144种和6个样条中的262个分株揭示了223个分株。除两个外，所有MLG均不同，表明基因型多样性极高，且群体间分化强。高度可变的小规模空间结构，具有相同的MLG和不同大小的相邻分株，被检测到四边形直至某些样地的单克隆。人们发现，当地扰动和人口土地使用历史的差异与其可变的基因型结构和多样性有关。在废弃草场上，有竞争性草的密集覆盖和较厚的垫料层的地方，有性繁殖受到局部抑制，然而，在适当或受干扰的地方仍然发生性繁殖。在被成年植物密集覆盖的地点的激烈竞争导致局部消除了小克隆，并优先传播了存活的克隆。在长样中观察到较高的克隆丰富度，其中多达100％由独特的MLG组成，这表明镰状军医能够在已建立的种群中反复进行有性繁殖。据推测，局部干扰可为幼苗募集提供合适的微地点，最近新近出现的独特的小型MLG证明了这一点。

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