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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Pharmacology: An International Journal >Functional role of nitric oxide in regulation of ocular blood flow.
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Functional role of nitric oxide in regulation of ocular blood flow.

机译:一氧化氮在调节眼部血流中的功能作用。

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摘要

Nitric oxide generated by three distinct enzyme systems appears to play a critical role in many diverse physiological processes. Using both conventional and immunohistochemical techniques, nitric oxide synthases have been identified throughout the body, including all regions of the eye. A large number of in vitro and in vivo preparations have been utilized showing nitric oxide to have an important role in regulation of regional ocular blood flow. Nitric oxide-mediated control of basal ocular blood flow is demonstrated by vasoconstriction seen in experiments where vascular endothelial cells are removed, or when nitric oxide synthase is inhibited. The endogenous source of nitric oxide in the eye appears to be both endothelial and neural. In addition, administration of drugs that can 'donate' nitric oxide produces vasodilation of the eye vasculature. Local vasodilation in response to illumination of the retina is controlled by generation and release of nitric oxide, whereas most other physiological adjustments of ocular blood flow (i.e., autoregulation and responses to altered blood gas levels) seem to be relatively independent of nitric oxide mechanisms. Nitric oxide is implicated in a variety of ocular pathophysiological states including uveitis, retinal ischemic disease, diabetes and glaucoma.
机译:由三种不同的酶系统产生的一氧化氮似乎在许多不同的生理过程中起着至关重要的作用。使用常规技术和免疫组织化学技术,一氧化氮合酶已在整个身体中得到识别,包括眼睛的所有区域。已经使用了大量的体外和体内制剂,表明一氧化氮在调节局部眼部血流中具有重要作用。一氧化氮介导的基础眼血流量的控制在血管内皮细胞被去除或一氧化氮合酶被抑制的实验中通过血管收缩得到证实。眼睛中一氧化氮的内源性来源似乎是内皮和神经来源。此外,服用可以“捐赠”一氧化氮的药物会引起眼部血管的血管舒张。响应于视网膜照明的局部血管舒张受一氧化氮的产生和释放控制,而眼内血流的大多数其他生理调节(即自动调节和对改变的血气水平的响应)似乎相对独立于一氧化氮机制。一氧化氮与多种眼病理生理状态有关,包括葡萄膜炎,视网膜缺血性疾病,糖尿病和青光眼。

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