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首页> 外文期刊>Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution >Correlated trophic specialization and genetic divergence in sympatric lake whitefish ecotypes (Coregonus clupeaformis): Support for the ecological speciation hypothesis
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Correlated trophic specialization and genetic divergence in sympatric lake whitefish ecotypes (Coregonus clupeaformis): Support for the ecological speciation hypothesis

机译：同养湖泊白鲑生态型（Coregonus clupeaformis）的相关营养特化和遗传差异：支持生态物种假说

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There is ample empirical evidence that phenotypic diversification in an adaptive radiation is the outcome of divergent natural selection related to differential resource use. In contrast, the role of ecological forces in favoring and maintaining reproductive isolation in nature remains poorly understood. If the same forces driving phenotypic divergence are also responsible for speciation, one would predict a correlation between the extent of trophic specialization (reflecting variable intensity of divergent natural selection) and that of reproductive isolation being reached in a given environment. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the extent of morphological and genetic differentiation between sympatric dwarf and normal whitefish ecotypes (Coregonus sp.) from six lakes of the St. John River basin (eastern Canada and northern Maine). Eight meristic variables, 19 morphometric variables, and six microsatellite loci were used to quantify morphological and genetic differentiation, respectively. Dwarf and normal ecotypes in each lake differed primarily by traits related to trophic specialization, but the extent of differentiation varied among lakes. Significant but variable genetic divergence between ecotypes within lakes was also observed. A negative correlation was observed between the extent of gene flow between ecotypes within a lake and that of their morphological differentiation in trophic-related traits. The extent of reproductive isolation reached between dwarf and normal whitefish ecotypes appears to be driven by the potential for occupying distinct trophic niches and, thus, by the same selective forces driving tropic specialization in each lake. These results therefore support the hypothesis of ecological speciation.
机译：有大量的经验证据表明，适应性辐射的表型多样化是与资源利用差异相关的自然选择的结果。相反，人们对生态力量在自然界中促进和维持生殖隔离的作用仍然知之甚少。如果驱动表型发散的力相同也导致物种形成，则可以预测营养特化程度（反映不同自然选择的强度）与在给定环境中达到生殖隔离之间的相关性。我们通过比较来自圣约翰河流域（加拿大东部和缅因州北部）六个湖泊的同伴矮人和正常白鲑生态型（Coregonus sp。）之间的形态和遗传分化程度来检验该假设。八个meristic变量，19形态计量变量和六个微卫星基因座分别用于量化形态和遗传分化。每个湖泊的矮化类型和正常生态类型主要因营养特化相关的特征而不同，但分化程度因湖泊而异。湖泊内不同生态类型之间的遗传差异也很明显，但差异很大。观察到湖泊内生态型之间的基因流动程度与其营养相关性状的形态分化之间存在负相关关系。矮人和正常白鲑生态型之间达到的生殖隔离程度似乎是由占据不同营养位的潜力驱动的，因此，由驱动每个湖泊热带专业化的相同选择力所驱动。因此，这些结果支持了生态物种形成的假说。

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