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首页> 外文期刊>Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution >Variable queen number in ant colonies: No impact on queen turnover, inbreeding, and population genetic differentiation in the ant Formica selysi
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Variable queen number in ant colonies: No impact on queen turnover, inbreeding, and population genetic differentiation in the ant Formica selysi

机译：蚁群中可变的蚁后数量：对蚁蚁的蚁后更新，近交和种群遗传分化没有影响

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摘要

Variation in queen number alters the genetic structure of social insect colonies, which in turn affects patterns of kin-selected conflict and cooperation. Theory suggests that shifts from single- to multiple-queen colonies are often associated with other changes in the breeding system, such as higher queen turnover, more local mating, and restricted dispersal. These changes may restrict gene flow between the two types of colonies and it has been suggested that this might ultimately lead to sympatric speciation. We performed a detailed microsatellite analysis of a large population of the ant Formica selysi, which revealed extensive variation in social structure, with 71 colonies headed by a single queen and 41 by multiple queens. This polymorphism in social structure appeared stable over time, since little change in the number of queens per colony was detected over a five-year period. Apart from queen number, single- and multiple-queen colonies had very similar breeding systems. Queen turnover was absent or very low in both types of colonies. Single- and multiple-queen colonies exhibited very small but significant levels of inbreeding, which indicates a slight deviation from random mating at a local scale and suggests that a small proportion of queens mate with related males. For both types of colonies, there was very little genetic structuring above the level of the nest, with no sign of isolation by distance. These similarities in the breeding systems were associated with a complete lack of genetic differentiation between single- and multiple-queen colonies, which provides no support for the hypothesis that change in queen number leads to restricted gene flow between social forms. Overall, this study suggests that the higher rates of queen turnover, local mating, and population structuring that are often associated with multiple-queen colonies do not appear when single- and multiple-queen colonies still coexist within the same population, but build up over time in populations consisting mostly of multiple-queen colonies.
机译：皇后号的变化会改变社会昆虫群落的遗传结构，进而影响亲属选择的冲突与合作方式。从理论上讲，从单期到多期菌落的转变通常与育种系统的其他变化有关，例如更高的女王营业额，更多的局部交配和限制的传播。这些变化可能会限制两种类型的菌落之间的基因流动，并且已经表明这可能最终导致同胞物种形成。我们对大量的蚁胶蚁进行了详细的微卫星分析，揭示了社会结构的巨大差异，其中71个殖民地由一个女王组成，而41个殖民地则由多个女王组成。随着时间的推移，这种社会结构的多态性似乎随着时间的推移而趋于稳定，因为在过去的五年中，每个殖民地的女王人数几乎没有变化。除了皇后号，单皇后和多皇后殖民地的繁殖系统也非常相似。在两种类型的菌落中，女王的营业额都不存在或非常低。单皇后和多皇后群体的近交程度非常小，但意义重大，这表明与当地规模的随机交配略有偏差，这表明一小部分皇后与相关雄性交配。对于这两种类型的菌落，巢巢以上的遗传结构都很少，并且没有被距离隔离的迹象。繁殖系统中的这些相似之处与单基因组和多基因组菌落之间完全缺乏遗传分化有关，这不支持假说皇后数量的变化导致社会形式之间的基因流动受限的假说。总体而言，这项研究表明，当单种群和多种群的菌落仍在同一种群中共存，但在同一种群中积累时，通常不会出现与多种群的菌落相关的较高的女王更新率，局部交配和种群结构。主要由多个女王殖民地组成的群体中的时间。

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