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首页> 外文期刊>Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution >EVOLUTION IN FLUCTUATING ENVIRONMENTS: DECOMPOSING SELECTION INTO ADDITIVE COMPONENTS OF THE ROBERTSON–PRICE EQUATION
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EVOLUTION IN FLUCTUATING ENVIRONMENTS: DECOMPOSING SELECTION INTO ADDITIVE COMPONENTS OF THE ROBERTSON–PRICE EQUATION

机译：波动环境的演变：将选择分解为罗伯逊-价格方程的加法成分

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摘要

We analyze the stochastic components of the Robertson–Price equation for the evolution of quantitative characters that enables decomposition of the selection differential into components due to demographic and environmental stochasticity. We show how these two types of stochasticity affect the evolution of multivariate quantitative characters by defining demographic and environmental variances as components of individual fitness. The exact covariance formula for selection is decomposed into three components, the deterministic mean value, as well as stochastic demographic and environmental components. We show that demographic and environmental stochasticity generate random genetic drift and fluctuating selection, respectively. This provides a common theoretical framework for linking ecological and evolutionary processes. Demographic stochasticity can cause random variation in selection differentials independent of fluctuating selection caused by environmental variation. We use this model of selection to illustrate that the effect on the expected selection differential of random variation in individual fitness is dependent on population size, and that the strength of fluctuating selection is affected by how environmental variation affects the covariance in Malthusian fitness between individuals with different phenotypes. Thus, our approach enables us to partition out the effects of fluctuating selection fromthe effects of selection due to random variation in individual fitness caused by demographic stochasticity.
机译：我们分析了Robertson-Price方程的随机成分，以了解定量特征的演变，这种定量特征使得由于人口统计和环境随机性，选择差异能够分解为成分。通过将人口统计和环境差异定义为个体适应度的组成部分，我们展示了这两种类型的随机性如何影响多元量化特征的演变。用于选择的精确协方差公式可分解为三个部分，即确定性平均值以及随机的人口统计和环境部分。我们表明，人口统计和环境随机性分别产生随机的遗传漂移和波动选择。这为联系生态和进化过程提供了一个通用的理论框架。人口统计的随机性会导致选择差异的随机变化，而与环境变化导致的选择波动无关。我们使用这种选择模型来说明，个体适应度对随机选择的预期选择差异的影响取决于人口规模，而波动选择的强度受环境变异如何影响个体之间马尔萨斯适应度的协方差的影响。不同的表型。因此，我们的方法使我们能够将波动选择的影响与由于人口统计随机性导致的个体适应性的随机变化所引起的选择影响分开。

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