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首页> 外文期刊>Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution >From beavis to beak color: A simulation study to examine how much QTL mapping can reveal about the genetic architecture of quantitative traits
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From beavis to beak color: A simulation study to examine how much QTL mapping can reveal about the genetic architecture of quantitative traits

机译：从beavis到喙颜色：一项模拟研究，研究多少QTL作图可以揭示定量性状的遗传结构

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摘要

Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping is frequently used in evolutionary studies to understand the genetic architecture of continuously varying traits. The majority of studies have been conducted in specially created crosses, in which genetic differences between parental lines are identified by linkage analysis. Detecting QTL segregating within populations is more problematic, especially in wild populations, because these populations typically have complicated and unbalanced multigenerational pedigrees. However, QTL mapping can still be conducted in such populations using a variance components mixed model approach, and the advent of appropriate statistical frameworks and better genotyping methods mean that the approach is gaining popularity. In this study it is shown that all studies described to date report evidence of QTL of major effect on trait variation, but that these findings are probably caused by inflated estimates of QTL effect sizes due to the Beavis effect. Using simulations I show that even the most powerful studies conducted to date are likely to give misleading descriptions of the genetic architecture of a trait. I show that an interpretation of a mapping study of beak color in the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), that suggested genetic variation was determined by a small number of loci of large effect, which are possibly maintained by antagonistic pleiotropy, is likely to be incorrect. More generally, recommendations are made to how QTL mapping can be combined with other approaches to provide more accurate descriptions of a trait's genetic architecture.
机译：数量性状基因座（QTL）作图经常用于进化研究中，以了解连续变化性状的遗传结构。大多数研究是在专门创建的杂交中进行的，其中通过亲缘关系分析来鉴定亲本系之间的遗传差异。尤其是在野生种群中，检测种群内部的QTL隔离问题更为棘手，因为这些种群通常具有复杂且不平衡的多代谱系。但是，仍可以使用方差成分混合模型方法在此类总体中进行QTL映射，并且适当的统计框架和更好的基因分型方法的出现意味着该方法越来越受欢迎。在这项研究中表明，迄今为止描述的所有研究均报告了对性状变异有重大影响的QTL证据，但这些发现可能是由于Beavis效应夸大了对QTL效应大小的估计。通过模拟，我证明，即使是迄今为止进行的最强有力的研究，也可能会误导性状的遗传结构。我表明，对斑马雀（Taeniopygia guttata）喙颜色作图研究的解释表明，遗传变异是由少数影响较大的基因座决定的，可能由拮抗多效性维持，这可能是不正确的。更一般地，建议如何将QTL作图与其他方法结合起来，以提供对性状遗传结构的更准确描述。

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