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首页> 外文期刊>Experimental & applied acarology >Effects of constant and variable temperatures on development and reproduction of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)
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Effects of constant and variable temperatures on development and reproduction of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

机译：恒定和可变温度对二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae（Acari：Tetranychidae）发育和繁殖的影响

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摘要

We focused on the influence of different temperature amplitudes on development and reproduction of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, at a 16: 8 (L: D) h photoperiod and 60-95 % RH. The temperature amplitudes varied from 0 to 24 degrees C in steps of 6 degrees C; i.e. 22 +/- 0, 22 +/- 3, 22 +/- 6, 22 +/- 9 and 22 +/- 12 degrees C. Temperature changed every 24 h between a low and an upper value, but without changing the average temperature (22 degrees C). The number of eggs laid by five females for 24 h was slightly lower at 22 +/- 12 degrees C than at constant temperature (22 +/- 0 degrees C), and egg hatchability differed among the five temperature regimes. Developmental time at 22 +/- 0 degrees C was shorter than that at 22 +/- 3 and 22 +/- 6 degrees C, but longer than that at 22 +/- 9 and 22 +/- 12 degrees C. The oviposition period, total fecundity per female and adult longevity gradually decreased with increasing amplitudes. Sex ratio was similar at all five temperature regimes. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r(m)) was affected by temperature amplitude and the r(m)-values at all amplitudes except 22 +/- 12 degrees C were higher than that at constant temperature. Thus, this study showed that variable temperature regimes influence population growth rates of T. urticae and that large amplitude regimes are stressful for this species
机译：我们重点研究了在16：8（L：D）h光周期和60-95％RH的条件下，不同温度振幅对二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae Koch发育和繁殖的影响。温度幅度从0到24摄氏度以6摄氏度为步长变化;即22 +/- 0、22 +/- 3、22 +/- 6、22 +/- 9和22 +/- 12摄氏度。温度每24小时在下限值和上限值之间变化，但不更改平均温度（22摄氏度）。五只雌性在24 +/- 12摄氏度下产卵24小时的蛋数比恒温（22 +/- 0摄氏度）下略低，并且在五种温度下蛋的孵化率也有所不同。 22 +/- 0摄氏度的发育时间比22 +/- 3和22 +/- 6摄氏度的发育时间短，但比22 +/- 9和22 +/- 12摄氏度的发育时间长。在此期间，每位女性的总生育力和成年寿命随着振幅的增加而逐渐降低。在所有五个温度范围内，性别比均相似。固有的自然增长率（r（m））受温度振幅的影响，除22 +/- 12摄氏度以外，所有振幅的r（m）值均高于恒温温度。因此，这项研究表明，温度变化会影响锥虫的种群增长率，而大幅度变化会给该物种带来压力。

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