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Molecular biomarkers in cervical cancer diagnosis: A critical appraisal

机译：宫颈癌诊断中的分子生物标志物：关键评估

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Introduction: It is expected that in the near future high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) testing will be implemented as the primary cervical cancer screening method in some countries. However, only a fraction of hr-HPV positive women will have a clinically relevant lesion. As a result, there is an urgent need for additional biomarkers that can detect these lesions and that can at the same time be applied to cytological specimens. This overview evaluates the most promising cytological biomarkers. Areas covered: Cytological biomarkers that can be used are being discussed in view of their molecular background. The most promising biomarkers are p16INK4a/Ki-67 dual immunostaining; methylation of the promoter region of the cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) gene and the T-lymphocyte maturation associated protein (MAL) gene and viral integration. Their sensitivity, specificity and limitations are discussed in detail and their diagnostic accuracy is evaluated. Expert opinion: The most promising cytological biomarkers for cervical cancer screening are p16 INK4a/Ki-67 dual immunostaining, methylation of CADM1 and MAL and viral integration. Although some of the biomarkers are very promising for this purpose, no studies have evaluated how accurately these biomarkers classify or predict the outcome. Additional clinical trials are needed to determine the true clinical value of these promising cytological biomarkers.
机译：简介：预计在不久的将来，某些国家将以高风险的人类乳头瘤病毒（hr-HPV）测试作为主要的宫颈癌筛查方法。但是，只有hr-HPV阳性女性的一部分会出现临床相关病变。结果，迫切需要可以检测这些病变并可以同时应用于细胞学标本的其他生物标记。该概述评估了最有前途的细胞学生物标志物。涵盖领域：鉴于其分子背景，正在讨论可以使用的细胞学生物标志物。最有前途的生物标志物是p16INK4a / Ki-67双重免疫染色。细胞粘附分子1（CADM1）基因和T淋巴细胞成熟相关蛋白（MAL）基因的启动子区域的甲基化和病毒整合。详细讨论了它们的敏感性，特异性和局限性，并对它们的诊断准确性进行了评估。专家意见：用于宫颈癌筛查的最有希望的细胞生物学标志物是p16 INK4a / Ki-67双重免疫染色，CADM1和MAL的甲基化以及病毒整合。尽管某些生物标志物在此方面非常有前途，但尚无研究评估这些生物标志物对分类或预测结果的准确性。需要其他临床试验来确定这些有前途的细胞生物学标志物的真实临床价值。

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