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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Operational Research >The costs and benefits of commonality in assemble-to-order systems with a (Q,r)-policy for component replenishment
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The costs and benefits of commonality in assemble-to-order systems with a (Q,r)-policy for component replenishment

机译：带有（Q，r）策略以补充零件的按单组装系统的通用成本和收益

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In assemble-to-order systems, it has been shown that replacing a number of specific components by a smaller number of general-purpose, common components can reduce required safety stock levels due to the benefits of risk pooling. Previous research using single-period models has shown that even if the common components are somewhat more expensive than the unique components they replace, the benefits of risk pooling often outweigh the added purchasing costs. However, this has been shown often not to be the case with multiple-period models - in the long run, the added purchasing costs dominate the benefits of risk pooling. However, both single- and multiple-period models ignore one of the benefits of commonality - order pooling. With commonality, demand is pooled into a smaller number of components, reducing the required number of orders (or setups). After re-optimizing the order quantities and order intervals, both the ordering costs and cyclic carrying costs are reduced. This paper develops a model to consider the assemble-to-order environment where components are replenished according to a (Q,r)-policy. Results show that order pooling is a significant benefit; in many cases it is much more important than the risk-pooling benefit. In contrast to multipleperiod models, there is often a total cost benefit with commonality, even when the common component is several percent more expensive than the unique components it replaces.
机译：在按订单组装的系统中，已显示出由于风险分担的好处，用较少数量的通用通用零件替换许多特定零件可以减少所需的安全库存水平。以前使用单周期模型进行的研究表明，即使通用组件比它们替换的唯一组件要贵一些，但风险汇总的好处往往超过了增加的购买成本。但是，事实证明，多周期模型通常不是这种情况-从长远来看，增加的购买成本支配了风险汇总的好处。但是，单周期模型和多周期模型都忽略了通用性的好处之一-订单池。由于具有通用性，因此需求被汇总到更少的组件中，从而减少了所需的订单（或设置）数量。在重新优化了订单数量和订单间隔之后，既降低了订购成本，又降低了周期性携带成本。本文开发了一个模型来考虑按订单组装的环境，在该环境中，根据（Q，r）策略对组件进行了补充。结果表明，订单合并是一个显着的好处。在许多情况下，这比分担风险更重要。与多周期模型相比，即使通用组件比其替换的唯一组件贵百分之几，通常使用通用性也会带来总体成本收益。

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