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Cancer-germline antigen vaccines and epigenetic enhancers: future strategies for cancer treatment.

机译：癌胚抗原疫苗和表观遗传增强剂：癌症治疗的未来策略。

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IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Immunotherapy holds great potential for disseminated cancer, and cancer-germline (CG) antigens are among the most promising tumor targets. They are widely expressed in different cancer types and are essentially tumor-specific, since their expression in normal tissues is largely restricted to immune-privileged sites. Although the therapeutic potential of these antigens may be compromised by their highly heterogeneous expression in many tumors and low frequency in some cancers, recent developments suggest that tumor-cell-selective enhancement of CG antigen gene expression can be achieved using epigenetic modifiers. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: We provide an overview of the potential of CG antigens as targets for cancer immunotherapy, including advantages and disadvantages. We also discuss the current state of development of CG antigen vaccines, and the potential synergistic effect of combining CG antigen immunotherapeutic strategies with epigenetic modifiers. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN: The reader will gain an overview of the past, present and future role of CG antigens in cancer immunotherapy. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: Chemoimmunotherapy using epigenetic drugs and CG antigen vaccines may be a useful approach for treating cancer.
机译：领域的重要性：免疫疗法在弥漫性癌症中具有巨大潜力，而癌症生殖细胞（CG）抗原是最有希望的肿瘤靶标之一。它们在不同的癌症类型中广泛表达并且本质上是肿瘤特异性的，因为它们在正常组织中的表达在很大程度上限于免疫特权的位点。尽管这些抗原的治疗潜力可能因其在许多肿瘤中的高度异质表达和在某些癌症中的低频率而受到损害，但最近的发展表明，可以使用表观遗传修饰剂实现CG抗原基因表达的肿瘤细胞选择性增强。综述中涉及的领域：我们概述了CG抗原作为癌症免疫治疗靶标的潜力，包括优缺点。我们还讨论了CG抗原疫苗的发展现状，以及将CG抗原免疫治疗策略与表观遗传修饰剂相结合的潜在协同作用。读者的收获：读者将对CG抗原在癌症免疫治疗中的过去，现在和将来的作用进行概述。寄语：使用表观遗传药物和CG抗原疫苗进行化学免疫疗法可能是治疗癌症的有用方法。

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