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首页> 外文期刊>Expert opinion on biological therapy >Incorporation of a rotavirus vaccine into the national immunisation schedule in the United Kingdom: A review
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Incorporation of a rotavirus vaccine into the national immunisation schedule in the United Kingdom: A review

机译：将轮状病毒疫苗纳入英国的国家免疫时间表：回顾

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Introduction: Rotavirus, the commonest cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide, imposes a large health and economic burden on the British society, accounting for an estimated 14,300 hospitalisations and 133,000 general practitioner consultations each year among children aged < 5 years in England and Wales alone. Following a tender process, an attenuated human rotavirus vaccine, Rotarix (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Belgium), was introduced into the UK childhood immunisation programme in 2013. Area covered: This article provides a review of the product profile of the Rotarix vaccine for use in the national immunisation programme in the UK from an expert perspective. Expert opinion: This single G1P[8] strain-based human rotavirus vaccine has demonstrated high efficacy in preventing severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in the first 3 years of life in middle- and high-income countries. In countries that have adopted rotavirus vaccine in childhood immunisation programmes, indirect benefits (herd protection) have been observed among older, unvaccinated children and adults. When the first dose is administered between 6 and 14 weeks of age and the last dose by 24 weeks of age, Rotarix carries a small risk of intussusception within the week of vaccination. However, this small risk may at most result in a negligible population attributable risk at the end of the first year of life. Overall, the rotavirus immunisation programme is expected to provide substantial health benefits to the UK population.
机译：简介：轮状病毒是全世界婴幼儿严重急性肠胃炎的最常见原因，它给英国社会带来了巨大的健康和经济负担，据估计，轮状病毒每年导致5岁以下儿童中的14,300例住院和每年133,000例全科医生咨询。仅英格兰和威尔士。经过招标过程，2013年将减毒的人类轮状病毒疫苗Rotarix（比利时葛兰素史克公司）引入英国儿童免疫计划。涵盖范围：本文概述了用于儿童的Rotarix疫苗的产品概况。从专家的角度来看英国的国家免疫计划。专家意见：这种基于G1P [8]株的人类轮状病毒疫苗已在中等收入和高收入国家/地区出生后的头3年内显示出了预防严重轮状病毒胃肠炎的高效功效。在已在儿童免疫计划中采用轮状病毒疫苗的国家中，在未接种疫苗的较大儿童和成年人中观察到了间接利益（畜群保护）。当首剂在6至14周龄之间服用，最后一剂在24周龄之前服用时，Rotarix在接种疫苗后一周内会出现肠套叠的风险很小。但是，这种很小的风险至多在生命的第一年末可能导致可忽略的人口归因风险。总体而言，轮状病毒免疫计划有望为英国人口带来巨大的健康益处。

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