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Constraints on the evolution of crustal flow beneath Northern Tibet

机译：藏北地区地壳流演化的制约因素

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Crustal flow is an important tectonic process active in continent-continent collisions and which may be significant in the development of convergent plate boundaries. In this study, the results from multidimensional electrical conductivity modeling have been combined with laboratory studies of the rheology of partially molten rocks to characterize the rheological behavior of the middle-to-lower crust of both the Songpan-Ganzi and Kunlun terranes in the northern Tibetan Plateau. Two different methods are adopted to develop constraints on melt fraction, temperature, and crustal flow velocity in the study area. The estimates of these parameters are then used to evaluate whether crustal flow can occur on the northern margin of the Tibetan plateau. In the Songpan-Ganzi crust, all conditions are satisfied for topography-driven channel flow to be dominant, with partial melt not being required for flow at temperature above 1000 degrees C. Further north, the Kunlun fault defines the southern boundary of a transition zone between the Tibetan plateau and the Qaidam basin. Constrained by the estimated melt fractions, it is shown that channel injection across the fault requires temperatures close to 900 degrees C. The composition of igneous rocks found at the surface confirm those conditions are met for the southern Kunlun ranges. To the north, the Qaidam basin is characterized by colder crust that may reflect an earlier stage in the channel injection process. In the study area, at least 10% of the eastward directed Tibetan crustal flow could be deflected northward across the Kunlun Fault and injected into the transition zone defining the northern margin of the Tibetan plateau.
机译：地壳流是大陆-大陆碰撞中活跃的重要构造过程，在汇聚板块边界的发展中可能具有重要意义。在这项研究中，将多维电导率模型的结果与部分熔融岩石的流变学的实验室研究相结合，以表征藏北松潘-甘孜和昆仑地层中下地壳的流变行为。高原。研究区域采用了两种不同的方法来限制熔体分数，温度和地壳流速。然后将这些参数的估计值用于评估是否可以在青藏高原北缘发生地壳流动。在松潘—甘孜地壳中，满足所有条件以地形驱动的通道为主导，温度高于1000摄氏度的流不需要部分熔融。在更北的地方，昆仑断裂带定义了过渡带的南边界。位于青藏高原和柴达木盆地之间。受估计的熔体分数约束，表明沿断层注入河道需要接近900摄氏度的温度。在地表发现的火成岩成分证实了满足昆仑南部范围的那些条件。在北部，柴达木盆地的地壳较冷，可能反映了航道注入过程的早期阶段。在研究区内，至少有10％的向东的藏族地壳流可以通过昆仑断裂向北偏转，并注入到界定青藏高原北缘的过渡带中。

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