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首页> 外文期刊>Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems >New insights into the mineralogy of the Atlantis II Deep metalliferous sediments, Red Sea
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New insights into the mineralogy of the Atlantis II Deep metalliferous sediments, Red Sea

机译：红海亚特兰蒂斯二世深层含金属沉积物矿物学的新见解

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The Atlantis II Deep of the Red Sea hosts the largest known hydrothermal ore deposit on the ocean floor and the only modern analog of brine pool-type metal deposition. The deposit consists mainly of chemical-clastic sediments with input from basin-scale hydrothermal and detrital sources. A characteristic feature is the millimeter-scale layering of the sediments, which bears a strong resemblance to banded iron formation (BIF). Quantitative assessment of the mineralogy based on relogging of archived cores, detailed petrography, and sequential leaching experiments shows that Fe-(oxy)hydroxides, hydrothermal carbonates, sulfides, and authigenic clays are the main ore minerals. Mn-oxides were mainly deposited when the brine pool was more oxidized than it is today, but detailed logging shows that Fe-deposition and Mn-deposition also alternated at the scale of individual laminae, reflecting short-term fluctuations in the Lower Brine. Previous studies underestimated the importance of nonsulfide metal-bearing components, which formed by metal adsorption onto poorly crystalline Si-Fe-OOH particles. During diagenesis, the crystallinity of all phases increased, and the fine layering of the sediment was enhanced. Within a few meters of burial (corresponding to a few thousand years of deposition), biogenic (Ca)-carbonate was dissolved, manganosiderite formed, and metals originally in poorly crystalline phases or in pore water were incorporated into diagenetic sulfides, clays, and Fe-oxides. Permeable layers with abundant radiolarian tests were the focus for late-stage hydrothermal alteration and replacement, including deposition of amorphous silica and enrichment in elements such as Ba and Au.
机译：红海深海的亚特兰蒂斯二世（Atlantis II Deep）拥有海床上最大的已知热液矿石矿床，并且是盐水池型金属沉积的唯一现代类似物。该沉积物主要由化学碎屑沉积物组成，并由盆地规模的热液和碎屑源投入。一个特征是沉积物的毫米级分层，与带状铁的形成（BIF）非常相似。根据已归档岩心的重新记录，详细的岩相学和连续浸出实验对矿物学进行定量评估，结果表明，Fe-（羟基）氢氧化物，热液碳酸盐，硫化物和自生粘土是主要的矿石矿物。 Mn氧化物主要是在盐水池比今天氧化得更多的时候沉积的，但是详细的测井结果表明，Fe沉积和Mn沉积也在单个薄片的尺度上交替出现，反映了下卤水的短期波动。先前的研究低估了非硫化物含金属组分的重要性，该组分是通过金属吸附到结晶性较差的Si-Fe-OOH颗粒上而形成的。在成岩过程中，所有相的结晶度增加，并且沉积物的精细分层得到增强。在几米的埋葬时间内（相当于几千年的沉积），溶解了生物碳（Ca）碳酸盐，形成了菱锰矿，并且将原本处于结晶度差的相或孔隙水中的金属掺入了成岩的硫化物，粘土和铁中。 -氧化物。具有大量放射虫测试的可渗透层是后期热液蚀变和置换的重点，包括无定形二氧化硅的沉积和诸如Ba和Au元素的富集。

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