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首页> 外文期刊>Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems >First hydrothermal discoveries on the Australian-Antarctic Ridge: Discharge sites, plume chemistry, and vent organisms
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First hydrothermal discoveries on the Australian-Antarctic Ridge: Discharge sites, plume chemistry, and vent organisms

机译：澳大利亚-南极洋脊上的第一个热液发现：排放点，羽状化学物质和排放生物

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摘要

The Australian-Antarctic Ridge (AAR) is one of the largest unexplored regions of the global mid-ocean ridge system. Here, we report a multiyear effort to locate and characterize hydrothermal activity on two first-order segments of the AAR:KR1 and KR2. To locate vent sites on each segment, we used profiles collected by Miniature Autonomous Plume Recorders on rock corers during R/V Araon cruises in March and December of 2011. Optical and oxidation-reduction-potential anomalies indicate multiple active sites on both segments. Seven profiles on KR2 found 3 sites, each separated by similar to 25 km. Forty profiles on KR1 identified 17 sites, some within a few kilometer of each other. The spatial density of hydrothermal activity along KR1 and KR2 (plume incidence of 0.34) is consistent with the global trend for a spreading rate of similar to 70 mm/yr. The densest area of hydrothermal activity, named "Mujin,'' occurred along the 20 km-long inflated section near the segment center of KR1. Continuous plume surveys conducted in January-February of 2013 on R/V Araon found CH4/He-3 (1-15 x 10(6)) and CH4/Mn (0.01-0.5) ratios in the plume samples, consistent with a basaltic-hosted system and typical of ridges with intermediate spreading rates. Additionally, some of the plume samples exhibited slightly higher ratios of H-2/He-3 and Fe/Mn than others, suggesting that those plumes are supported by a younger hydrothermal system that may have experienced a recent eruption. The Mujin-field was populated by Kiwa crabs and seven-armed Paulasterias starfish previously recorded on the East Scotia Ridge, raising the possibility of circum-Antarctic biogeographic connections of vent fauna.
机译：澳大利亚南极洋脊（AAR）是全球中洋洋脊系统中最大的未开发地区之一。在这里，我们报告了多年的努力，以定位和表征AAR的两个一级部分上的热液活动：KR1和KR2。为了找到每个分段上的排气点，我们使用了微型自主羽状记录仪在2011年3月和12月的R / V Araon航行期间在岩芯上收集的剖面。光学和氧化还原电位异常表明两个分段上都有多个活动点。 KR2上的七个剖面找到3个地点，每个地点相距约25公里。 KR1上的40个配置文件确定了17个站点，其中一些站点相距几公里。沿着KR1和KR2的水热活动的空间密度（水雾发生率为0.34）与扩散速率接近70毫米/年的全球趋势一致。 2013年1月至2月，对R / V Araon进行的连续羽流调查发现，CH4 / He-3沿KR1段中心附近的20 km长的膨胀段发生，是热液活动最密集的区域，称为“ Mujin”。羽状样品中的比率为（1-15 x 10（6））和CH4 / Mn（0.01-0.5），这与玄武岩寄主系统一致，典型的脊具有中等扩散速率。 H-2 / He-3和Fe / Mn的比率高于其他比率，这表明这些羽状岩由较年轻的热液系统支撑，而该热液系统可能最近发生过喷发。木津油田由奇瓦蟹和七臂-桐组成以前在东斯科舍省海脊上记录的海星，增加了泄气动物群与南极周围生物地理联系的可能性。

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