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An update on niche composition, signaling and functional regulation of the adipose-derived stem cells

机译:脂肪干细胞的生态位组成,信号传导和功能调控的最新进展

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Introduction: The self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells are controlled by both intrinsic factors and the surrounding microenvironment, which is known as the stem cell niche. Although the niches of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are composed of diverse factors within the adipose tissue, the mechanisms by which niches are maintained, regulated and harmonized to support the ASCs are just beginning to be discovered.Areas covered: This review introduces the recent advances in the anatomic nature of the dynamic in vivo niches of ASCs. Additionally, new findings concerning the signaling pathways involved in the self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation and paracrine mechanisms will be described. Finally, we suggest optimized methods for expanding ASCs in vitro by mimicking the niche factors to enhance the regenerative potential of ASCs.Expert opinion: Fibroblast growth factor 2 is a self-renewal factor that can expand the lifespan of ASCs in long-term culture and platelet-derived growth factor-B/D has most potent mitogenic effects on short-term ASC expansion. Reactive oxygen species donors and stimulators of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and MAPK pathways can be used to increase the production yield of ASCs. Additionally, hypoxia can increase the proliferation of ASCs and priming under hypoxic conditions enhances the regenerative potential of ASCs.
机译:简介:干细胞的自我更新和分化受内在因素和周围微环境的控制,这被称为干细胞生态位。尽管脂肪干细胞(ASCs)的壁ches由脂肪组织内的多种因素组成,但保持,调节和协调支持壁SC细胞(asc)的机制才刚刚开始被发现。 ASCs体内动态壁the的解剖学性质的最新进展。另外,将描述有关涉及自我更新,增殖,分化和旁分泌机制的信号传导途径的新发现。最后,我们建议通过模拟利基因子来增强ASC再生潜力的体外扩增ASC的优化方法。专家意见:成纤维细胞生长因子2是一种自我更新因子,可以延长ASC在长期培养和培养中的寿命。血小板衍生的生长因子B / D对短期ASC扩张具有最强的促有丝分裂作用。磷酸肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B和MAPK途径的活性氧供体和刺激剂可用于提高ASC的产量。另外,缺氧可增加ASC的增殖,在低氧条件下引发可增强ASC的再生潜力。

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