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首页> 外文期刊>Expert opinion on biological therapy >New insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of anthrax toxin-induced shock.
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New insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of anthrax toxin-induced shock.

机译：炭疽毒素引起的休克的发病机理和治疗的新见解。

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摘要

Inhalational Bacillus anthracis infection is a leading bioterrorist health threat in the US today. Lethal (LeTx) and edema toxin production are key to the virulent effects of this lethal bacteria. Recent insights into the structure and function of these toxins have increased the understanding of both the pathogenesis and treatment of anthrax. These are binary type toxins comprised of protective antigen necessary for their cellular uptake and either lethal or edema factors, the toxigenic moieties. Primary cellular receptors for protective antigen have been identified and the processing of the completed toxins clarified. Consistent with the ability of lethal factor to cleave mitogen activated protein kinase kinases, the evidence indicates that an excessive inflammatory response does not contribute to shock with LeTx. Rather, the immunosuppressive effects of LeTx could promote infection; however, direct endothelial dysfunction may have an important role in shock due to LeTx. Recent studies show that edemafactor, a potent adenyl cyclase, may have a major role in shock during anthrax and that it may also be immunosuppresive. Therapies under development which target several steps in the cellular uptake and function of these two toxins have been effective in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Understanding how best to apply these agents in combination with conventional treatments should be a goal of future research.
机译：吸入炭疽杆菌感染是当今美国主要的生物恐怖健康威胁。致命（LeTx）和水肿毒素的产生是这种致命细菌的毒力作用的关键。对这些毒素的结构和功能的最新见解增加了人们对炭疽的发病机理和治疗方法的了解。这些是二元型毒素，由其细胞摄取所必需的保护性抗原以及致死性或水肿因子（致毒素部分）组成。已经鉴定出保护性抗原的主要细胞受体，并阐明了完整毒素的加工过程。与致死因子裂解有丝分裂原活化的蛋白激酶激酶的能力一致，证据表明过度的炎症反应不会导致LeTx休克。相反，LeTx的免疫抑制作用可以促进感染。然而，直接内皮功能障碍可能在LeTx引起的休克中起重要作用。最近的研究表明，水肿因子（一种有效的腺苷酸环化酶）可能在炭疽发作中的休克中起主要作用，并且可能具有免疫抑制作用。针对这两种毒素的细胞摄取和功能的几个步骤的正在开发的疗法在体外和体内系统中都是有效的。了解如何最好地将这些药物与常规疗法结合使用将是未来研究的目标。

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