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首页> 外文期刊>Genewatch : >The Evolution of Religiosity-Is the existence of religion, as a 'cross-cultural universal/' the result of something else shared across cultures: the human genome?
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The Evolution of Religiosity-Is the existence of religion, as a 'cross-cultural universal/' the result of something else shared across cultures: the human genome?

机译：宗教的演变-宗教的存在是一种“跨文化的普遍性”，还是跨文化共享的其他事物的结果：人类基因组？

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摘要

No biologist-indeed, no well-educated and thoughtful person-can be in any doubt that human beings are the product of evolution by natural selection. Nonetheless, close attention to Homo sapiens reveals a number of evolutionary mysteries, aspects of our shared humanity that are almost certainly a result of "nature" (i.e., evolution by natural selection), but whose precise evolutionary causation is currently obscure. Among these mysteries of "human nature," one of the more perplexing-and fraught-is the question of religion. Of course, it is not guaranteed that human religiosity has evolved at all, in the biological sense. There is considerable variability in religious practices worldwide, which at least opens the possibility that the underlying causation is simply cultural tradition and social learning, which vary from place to place-as does, for example, human language. But even as culture and social learning obviously determine the detail of what particular language is spoken by what particular people, it is also true that all 'normal' human beings end up speaking some sort of language; moreover, these languages typically share what linguists designate a "deep structure." This basic pattern seems likely to apply to religion, too.
机译：毫无疑问，没有生物学家，没有受过良好教育和体贴的人，人类无疑是自然选择进化的产物。但是，对智人的密切关注揭示了许多进化的奥秘，这是我们共同人类的方面，几乎可以肯定是“自然”的结果（即自然选择的进化），但其确切的进化因果目前尚不清楚。在这些“人性的奥秘”中，宗教问题是更为困惑和困扰的问题之一。当然，从生物学的意义上讲，不能保证人类的宗教信仰已经进化。全世界的宗教习俗存在很大差异，这至少使潜在的因果关系仅仅是文化传统和社会学习成为可能，因为文化传统和社会学习因地而异，例如人类语言。但是，即使文化和社会学习显然决定了特定人群说什么特定语言的细节，也确实所有“正常”人最终都会说某种语言。此外，这些语言通常共享语言学家指定的“深度结构”。这种基本模式似乎也可能适用于宗教。

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