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Population frequencies of transposable elements in selfing and outcrossing Caenorhabditis nematodes

机译：自交和异形杆状线虫线虫中转座因子的种群频率

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摘要

Population genetics theory predicts that differences in breeding systems should be an important factor in the dynamics of selfish genetic elements, because of different intensities of selection on both hosts and elements. We examined population frequencies of transposable elements (TEs) in natural populations of the self-fertilizing nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and its outcrossing relative Caenorhabditis remanei. We identified a Tc1-like class of elements in the C. remanei genome with homology to the terminal inverted repeats of the C. elegans Tc1 transposon, which we name mTcre1. We measured levels of insertion polymorphism for all 32 Tc1 elements present in the genome sequence of the C. elegans N2 strain, and 16 mTcre1 elements from the genome sequence of the C. remanei PB4641 strain. We show that transposons are less polymorphic and segregate at higher frequencies in C. elegans compared with C. remanei. Estimates of the intensity of selection based on the population frequencies of polymorphic elements suggest that transposons are selectively neutral in C. elegans, but subject to purifying selection in C. remanei. These results are consistent with a reduced efficacy of natural selection against TEs in selfing populations, but may in part be explained by non-equilibrium TE dynamics.
机译：种群遗传学理论预测，由于寄主和寄主的选择强度不同，育种系统的差异应成为自私遗传元素动态变化的重要因素。我们检查了自体线虫秀丽隐杆线虫及其相对的相对秀丽隐杆线虫的自然种群中转座因子（TEs）的种群频率。我们确定了Rec。remanei基因组中与T. elegans Tc1转座子（我们命名为mTcre1）的末端反向重复序列同源的Tc1类元素。我们测量了秀丽隐杆线虫N2菌株基因组序列中存在的所有32个Tc1元件和来自remanei PB4641菌株基因组序列的16 mTcre1元件的插入多态性水平。我们显示，转座子与C. remanei相比，在秀丽隐杆线虫中较少发生多态性并在较高频率下分离。基于多态性元件的群体频率的选择强度的估计表明，转座子在秀丽隐杆线虫中是选择性中性的，但是在纯熟的秀丽隐杆线虫中受到纯化选择。这些结果与自交种群中针对TE的自然选择功效降低是一致的，但部分原因可能是非平衡的TE动态。

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