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Genetic mapping of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) applied to the detection of QTLs for alpha-acid content

机译：蛇麻草（Humulus lupulus L.）的遗传作图应用于检测QTL中的α-酸含量

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The map locations and effects of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were estimated for alpha-acid content in hop (Humulus lupulus L.) using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and microsatellite marker (simple sequence repeat (SSR)) genetic linkage maps constructed from a double pseudotestcross. The mapping population consisted of 111 progeny from a cross between the German hop cultivar 'Magnum', which exhibits high levels of alpha-acids, and a wild Slovene male hop, 2/1. The progeny segregated quantitatively for alpha-acid content determined in 2002, 2003, and 2004. The maternal map consisted of 96 markers mapped on 14 linkage groups defining 661.90 cM of total map distance. The paternal map included 70 markers assigned to 12 linkage groups covering 445.90 cM of hop genome. QTL analysis indicated 4 putative QTLs (alpha1, alpha2, alpha3, and alpha4) on linkage groups (LGs) 03, 01, 09, and 03 of the female map, respectively. QTLs explained 11.9%–24.8% of the phenotypic variance. The most promising QTL to be used in marker-assisted selection is alpha2, the peak of which colocated exactly with the AFLP marker. Three chalcone synthase-like genes (chs2, chs3, and chs4) involved in hop bitter acid synthesis mapped together on LG04 of the female map. Saturation of the maps, particularly the putative QTL regions, will be carried out using SSR markers, and the stability of the QTLs will be tested in the coming years.
机译：利用扩增的片段长度多态性（AFLP）和微卫星标记（简单序列重复（SSR））遗传连锁图谱，估算了啤酒花（Humulus lupulus L.）中啤酒中α-酸含量的图位位置和数量性状位点（QTL）的影响来自双重伪testcross。该作图种群由111个后代组成，这些子代来自德国啤酒花品种'Magnum'（其具有高水平的α-酸）与野生的斯洛文尼亚公啤酒花（2/1）之间的杂交。该子代定量分离出2002年，2003年和2004年确定的α-酸含量。母本图谱由96个标记组成，这些标志物位于14个连锁组上，定义了总图距的661.90 cM。父本图谱包括分配给12个连锁组的70个标记，涵盖啤酒花基因组445.90 cM。 QTL分析表明在雌性图的连锁群（LG）03、01、09和03上分别有4个假定的QTL（alpha1，alpha2，alpha3和alpha4）。 QTL解释了11.9％-24.8％的表型差异。用于标记辅助选择的最有前景的QTL是alpha2，其峰与AFLP标记正好位于同一位置。参与啤酒花苦味酸合成的三个查尔酮合酶样基因（chs2，chs3和chs4）一起映射在女性图的LG04上。将使用SSR标记对图谱（尤其是假定的QTL区域）进行饱和，并且将在未来几年中测试QTL的稳定性。

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