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MBSJ MCC Young Scientist Award 2012 Liver regeneration: a unique and flexible reaction depending on the type of injury

机译:2012年MBSJ MCC青年科学家奖肝脏再生:根据受伤类型而异的灵活反应

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摘要

The liver can be thought of as a mysterious organ, because it has an elegant regenerative capability. This phenomenon has been well known since ancient times and is already applied to medical treatments for severe hepatic disorders by transplanting portions of liver received from living donors. However, it was not until quite recently that the mechanism underlying the principle of liver regeneration was investigated more deeply. Recent advances in the technologies for characterizing cell properties and examining the molecular nature of cells are enabling us to understand what occurs in the regenerating liver. After acute liver damage, hepatocytes actively proliferate in response to external stimulation by humoral factors. However, in the chronically injured liver, hepatocytes cannot proliferate well, but biliary cells appearing after chronic liver damage form primitive ductules around portal veins of the liver. These biliary cells may have a multiple origin, including hepatocytes, and contain progenitor cells giving rise to both hepatocytes and biliary cells, or represent cells that can be directly converted into hepatocytes. Although liver regeneration is more complicated than we had thought, unremitting efforts by researchers will certainly connect the numerous findings obtained in basic research with the development of new therapeutic strategies for liver diseases.
机译:肝脏可以被认为是一个神秘的器官,因为它具有优雅的再生能力。这种现象自古以来就已广为人知,并且已经通过移植从活体供体获得的部分肝脏,已用于严重肝病的医学治疗。然而,直到最近,才对肝脏再生原理的基本机制进行了更深入的研究。表征细胞特性和检查细胞分子性质的技术的最新进展使我们能够了解再生肝中发生的情况。急性肝损伤后,肝细胞响应体液因素的外部刺激而积极增殖。然而,在慢性损伤的肝脏中,肝细胞不能很好地增殖,但是在慢性肝损伤后出现的胆汁细胞在肝门静脉周围形成原始的小管。这些胆道细胞可能具有多种起源,包括肝细胞,并且包含同时产生肝细胞和胆道细胞的祖细胞,或者代表可以直接转化为肝细胞的细胞。尽管肝脏再生比我们想象的要复杂,但是研究人员的不懈努力必将把基础研究中获得的许多发现与新的肝脏疾病治疗策略的发展联系起来。

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