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首页> 外文期刊>Genome >Epigenetic chromatin modifications in Brassica genomes
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Epigenetic chromatin modifications in Brassica genomes

机译：芸苔基因组中的表观遗传染色质修饰

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摘要

Epigenetic modifications such as histone and DNA methylation are highly conserved among eukaryotes, although the nuclear patterns of these modifications vary between different species. Brassica species represent a very attractive model for analysis of epigenetic changes because of their differences in genome size, ploidy level, and the organization of heterochromatin blocks. Brassica rapa and B. oleracea are diploid species, and B. napus is an allotetraploid species that arose from the hybridization of these two diploids. We found that patterns of DNA and histone H3 methylation differ between Brassica species. The most prominent differences concern the two diploids. DNA methylation was present exclusively in the heterochromatin only in B. rapa. In B. oleracea and B. napus this modification was detected in both euchromatin and heterochromatin. A similar pattern was observed for dimethylation of lysine 9. Dimethylation of lysine 4 is a typical marker of euchromatin in Brassica species, like it is in other plant species. We conclude that the diploid species differ in patterns of analyzed epigenetic modifications and the allotetraploid B. napus has combined patterns from both diploids. Differences in patterns of DNA and histone H3 methylation between Brassica species can be attributed mainly to the genome structure and heterochromatin localization rather than ploidy level.
机译：尽管真核生物的表观遗传修饰在不同物种之间有所不同，但它们在真核生物中还是高度保守的。由于芸苔属物种在基因组大小，倍性水平和异染色质块的组织方面存在差异，因此它们是表观遗传变化分析的非常有吸引力的模型。甘蓝型油菜和甘蓝型油菜是二倍体物种，而甘蓝型油菜是这两个二倍体杂交产生的异源四倍体物种。我们发现芸苔属植物之间的DNA和组蛋白H3甲基化模式有所不同。最显着的差异涉及两个二倍体。 DNA甲基化仅存在于芜菁中的异染色质中。在油菜双歧杆菌和油菜双歧杆菌中，这种修饰在常染色质和异染色质中均被检测到。赖氨酸9的二甲基化观察到相似的模式。赖氨酸4的二甲基化是芸苔属物种中常染色质的典型标记，就像其他植物物种一样。我们得出的结论是，二倍体物种在分析表观遗传修饰的模式方面有所不同，而异源二倍体甘蓝型油菜已经组合了两种二倍体的模式。芸苔属之间的DNA和组蛋白H3甲基化模式的差异主要归因于基因组结构和异染色质定位，而不是倍性水平。

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