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Palaeogeographical reconstruction of the battle terrain in Ancient Thermopylae, Greece

机译：希腊古温泉镇战场地形的古地理重建

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摘要

The battle of Thermopylae (Malian Gulf, Central Greece) is one of the most famous ancient battles in European and world history. It took place on a narrow strip of land where it was possible for a few thousand Greeks to fight against the Persian army. The geomorphology of the battle terrain has changed significantly since ancient times due to the Sperchios River delta progradation. In this work an attempt is being made to undertake a palaeogeographical reconstruction of the pass and the battle terrain in Ancient Thermopylae in order to set out new information based on new geoarchaeological data. Geomorphological data in combination with geological, stratigraphical, paleontological data of an extensive drilling project supported by electrical resistivity tomography led to the determination of the palaeoenvironmental changes in the area of the Thermopylae Pass and for the palaeogeographical reconstruction of the battle terrain in ancient Thermopylae. The results of this research showed that in the "middle gate" of the Thermopylae Pass between the land and the sea there was a freshwater marsh supplied with large quantities of warm water coming from the thermal springs. The chronostratigraphical and sea level data confirmed its existence when the battle had taken place in 480 BC. This also confirms Herodotus' description that the road eastwards of Thermopylae was shut in by the sea and by marshes.
机译：Thermopylae（希腊中部马里湾）战役是欧洲和世界历史上最著名的古代战役之一。它发生在狭窄的土地上，在那里可能有数千名希腊人与波斯军队作战。自古以来，由于Sperchios河三角洲的演化，战斗地形的地貌发生了显着变化。在这项工作中，正在尝试对远古热丘的通道和战场地形进行古地理重建，以便根据新的地质考古数据提出新的信息。电阻率层析成像技术支持的广泛钻探项目的地貌学数据与地质，地层，古生物学数据相结合，从而确定了Thermopylae Pass地区的古环境变化，并确定了古代Thermopylae战场的古地理重建。这项研究的结果表明，在陆地和海洋之间的Thermpylae Pass的“中间门”中，有一个淡水沼泽，其中有来自温泉的大量热水。当战役发生在公元前480年时，地层和地层的时间数据证实了它的存在。这也证实了希罗多德斯的描述，即Thermopylae向东的道路被大海和沼泽封闭。

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