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Neotectonics and current hydrologically-induced karst deformation.Case study of the Plateau de Calern (Alpes-Maritimes, France)

机译:新构造学和当前的水文诱发的喀斯特形变。以卡伦高原为例(法国阿尔卑斯滨海省)

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摘要

The astronomical and geodetic observatory OCA, located on the karst plateau of Calern (Caussols, France), has been monitoring earth deformation for several years. Two medium baseline tiltmeters have been installed in a shaft in 2007, along with classical hydrogeological monitoring tools in order to investigate the relationship between current karst deformation and hydrology. Dye tests have shown that the plateau is drained towards the East, to the spring of Bramafam, except for its Western third. Karst tilting, as recorded by the tiltmeters, is linked to rainfall events. These instruments bring additional information to characterize different reservoirs: the deep karst aquifer of Bramafan with high amplitude oscillations of its water table, up to 100 m, the perched aquifer of Moustiques shaft whose response is attenuated, and several slope aquifers with reduced oscillations (Fontaniers, Castel Bon Pre). Tilt deformation reaches 8 urad with a definite orientation between N90°E and N100°E. The best correlation between hydrology and tilts is observed for the deep aquifers. If the first autumn rainfall is ineffective on tilt, it recharges the epikarst and refills the reserves. The winter rains cause the water to flush towards the eastern deep aquifer and provokes a quick tilting of the plateau. Finally, the long term variations in tilt and water table show a very good correlation The relationship between current hydrological deformations and tectonics is also analyzed; broken and shifted speleothems in the shafts indicate a general shift of the plateau towards the south.
机译:位于Calern(法国Caussols)喀斯特喀斯特高原的天文和大地观测天文台已经监测地球变形已有数年了。为了研究当前岩溶变形与水文学之间的关系,2007年在竖井中安装了两个中等基线倾斜仪以及经典的水文地质监测工具。染料测试表明,高原向东排放至Bramafam的春天,西部为三分之一。倾斜仪记录的岩溶倾斜与降雨事件有关。这些仪器带来了更多信息来表征不同的储层:布拉马凡的深层喀斯特含水层,其地下水位高至100 m振荡,Moustiques竖井的栖息含水层的响应减弱,以及一些振荡减小的斜坡含水层(Fontaniers ,Castel Bon Pre)。倾斜变形达到8 urad,在N90°E和N100°E之间有确定的方向。对于深层含水层,观察到水文与倾斜之间的最佳相关性。如果第一个秋季降雨对倾斜无效,它将为表层岩溶补给并补充储量。冬季降雨导致水冲向东部深层含水层,并导致高原快速倾斜。最后,倾斜度和地下水位的长期变化显示出很好的相关性。还分析了当前水文变形与构造之间的关系。竖井中破损和移位的茎鞘表明高原通常向南移动。

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