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Evolution of DUF1313 family members across plant species and their association with maize photoperiod sensitivity

机译：植物中DUF1313家族成员的进化及其与玉米光周期敏感性的关系

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Proteins of the DUF1313 family contain a highly conserved domain and are only found in plants; they play important roles inmost plant functions. In this study, 269DUF1313 genes from 81 photoautotrophic species were identified; they were classified into three major types based on the amino acid substitutions in the conserved region: IARV, I(S/T/F)(K/R)V, and IRRV. Phylogenic tree constructed from 51 DUF1313 genes from graminoids revealed three clades: A, B1, and B2. Clade B1 was found to have undergone episodic positive selection after a gene duplication event and included four amino acid sites under positive selection. The association between DUF1313 family members and traits investigated in maize indicated that three of four genes (GRMZM2G025646, GRMZM5G877647, GRMZM2G359322, and GRMZM2G382774) were associated with the target traits such as days to silking, days to tasselling, and plant height. The nucleotide diversity of the most primitive and highly conserved DUF1313 gene, ELF4-like4, was the highest in Tripsacum and the lowest inmaize. Tajima's D and Fu and Li's D tests revealed that significant purifying selection had occurred in the coding sequence region of this DUF1313 gene in teosinte and maize. No significant signal was detected in the 5'-untranslated region of this gene in each of the three species (maize, teosinte, and Tripsacum) or in any gene regions of Tripsacum. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the 103 accessions of maize, teosinte, and Tripsacum can be grouped into four clades based on the ELF4- like4 gene sequence similarity. Thus, this gene can be used to determine the relationships between maize and its relatives, and the DUF1313 family members and alleles identified in this study might be valuable genetic resources for molecular marker-assisted breeding in maize. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：DUF1313家族的蛋白质包含高度保守的结构域，仅在植物中发现;它们在大多数工厂功能中都起着重要作用。在这项研究中，从81个光合自养物种中鉴定出269DUF1313个基因。根据保守区中的氨基酸取代，它们分为三种主要类型：IARV，I（S / T / F）（K / R）V和IRRV。由来自类人动物的51个DUF1313基因构建的系统树揭示了三个进化枝：A，B1和B2。发现进化枝B1在基因复制事件后经历了偶发的阳性选择，并且在阳性选择下包括四个氨基酸位点。 DUF1313家族成员与玉米研究性状之间的关联表明，四个基因中的三个（GRMZM2G025646，GRMZM5G877647，GRMZM2G359322和GRMZM2G382774）与目标性状相关，例如到抽丝的天数，到抽穗的天数和株高。最原始和高度保守的DUF1313基因ELF4-like4的核苷酸多样性在Tripsacum中最高，最低。 Tajima的D和Fu以及Li的D试验表明，在端粒蛋白和玉米中，这个DUF1313基因的编码序列区域发生了明显的纯化选择。在三个物种（玉米，Teosinte和Tripsacum）的每个基因或Tripsacum的任何基因区域中，此基因的5'-非翻译区均未检测到明显的信号。系统发育分析表明，基于ELF4-like4基因序列相似性，可将103种玉米，破骨细胞和Tripsacum分为四个进化枝。因此，该基因可用于确定玉米及其亲缘关系，本研究中鉴定的DUF1313家族成员和等位基因可能是玉米分子标记辅助育种的宝贵遗传资源。 （C）2016 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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