首页> 外文期刊>Geological Society of America Bulletin >Testing the limits of Paleozoic chronostratigraphic correlation via high-resolution (<500 k.y.) integrated conodont, graptolite, and carbon isotope (δ~(13)C_(carb)) biochemostratigraphy across the Llandovery-Wenlock (Silurian) boundary: Is a unified Phanerozoic time scale achievable?
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Testing the limits of Paleozoic chronostratigraphic correlation via high-resolution (<500 k.y.) integrated conodont, graptolite, and carbon isotope (δ~(13)C_(carb)) biochemostratigraphy across the Llandovery-Wenlock (Silurian) boundary: Is a unified Phanerozoic time scale achievable?

机译:通过高分辨率(<500 ky)整合的牙形石,笔石和碳同位素(δ〜(13)C_(carb))生物化学地层学方法跨Llandovery-Wenlock(Silurian)边界测试古生代地层相关性的极限:是统一的生代可以实现的时间尺度?

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摘要

The resolution and fidelity of global chronostratigraphic correlation are direct functions of the time period under consideration. By virtue of deep-ocean cores and astrochronology, the Cenozoic and Meso-zoic time scales carry error bars of a few thousand years (k.y.) to a few hundred k.y. In contrast, most of the Paleozoic time scale carries error bars of plus or minus a few million years (m.y.), and chronostratigraphic control better than ±1 m.y. is considered "high resolution." The general lack of Paleozoic abyssal sediments and paucity of orbitally tuned Paleozoic data series combined with the relative incompleteness of the Paleozoic stratigraphic record have proven historically to be such an obstacle to intercontinental chronostratigraphic correlation that resolving the Paleozoic time scale to the level achieved during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic was viewed as impractical, impossible, or both. Here, we utilize integrated graptolite, conodont, and carbonate carbon isotope (δ~(13)C_(carb)) data from three paleocontinents (Baltica, Avalonia, and Laurentia) to demonstrate chronostratigraphic control for upper Llandovery through middle Wenlock (Telychian-Sheinwoodian, ~436-426 Ma) strata with a resolution of a few hundred k.y. The interval surrounding the base of the Wenlock Series can now be correlated globally with precision approaching 100 k.y., but some intervals (e.g., uppermost Telychian and upper Shein-woodian) are either yet to be studied in sufficient detail or do not show sufficient biologic speciation and/or extinction or carbon isotopic features to delineate such small time slices. Although producing such resolution during the Paleozoic presents an array of challenges unique to the era, we have begun to demonstrate that erecting a Paleozoic time scale comparable to that of younger eras is achievable.
机译:全球时间地层相关性的分辨率和逼真度是所考虑时间段的直接函数。凭借深海核心和天文年代学,新生代和中生代的时标携带几千年(k.y.)到几百k.y的误差。相比之下,大多数古生代时标都带有正负两百万年(m.y.)的误差线,并且年代地层控制优于±1m.y。被认为是“高分辨率”。历史上已经证明,普遍缺乏古生代深渊沉积物和稀少的轨道调整古生代数据序列,再加上古生代地层记录的相对不完整,是洲际年代地层相关性的障碍,从而将古生代时间尺度解析为中生代所达到的水平。新生代被认为是不切实际的,不可能的,或两者兼而有之。在这里,我们利用来自三个古大陆(Baltica,Avalonia和Laurentia)的整合的笔石,牙形石和碳酸盐碳同位素(δ〜(13)C_(carb))数据,证明了通过温洛克中部(特里琴-Sheinwoodian)对上兰多弗的年代地层控制。 ,〜436-426 Ma)地层,分辨率为几百ky现在,可以将围绕Wenlock系列基础的间隔与精度接近100 ky的全局相关联,但是某些间隔(例如,最上层的Telychian和Shein-woodian上的)尚待详细研究,或者没有显示出足够的生物学形态。和/或消光或碳同位素特征来描绘这么小的时间片。尽管在古生代产生这种分辨率提出了该时代独有的挑战,但我们已经开始证明,可以建立起与年轻时代相当的古生代时标。

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