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首页> 外文期刊>Genes & Genetic Systems >Structural and functional properties of Viviparous1 genes in dormant wheat.
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Structural and functional properties of Viviparous1 genes in dormant wheat.

机译：休眠小麦中Viviparous1基因的结构和功能特性。

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Viviparous 1 (Vp1) of maize is known to encode a transcription factor VP1 that controls seed germination. Hexaploid wheat possesses three Vp1 homoeologues (TaVp1): TaVp-A1, TaVp-B1 and TaVp-D1. In this study, we attempted to characterize the molecular properties of TaVp1 in a highly dormant wheat cultivar, Minamino-komugi (Minamino). The seeds of Minamino showed much higher sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of ABA on germination than those of non-dormant cultivars, Sanin-1 and Tozan-18. The sequence analyses of cDNAs also revealed that some of TaVp-A1 transcripts and TaVp-D1 transcripts were spliced incorrectly, presumably resulting in production of truncated or deleted proteins. Most TaVp-B1 transcripts were spliced correctly, but some had an additional 3-bp (AAG) insertion in the B3 domain, which may not affect their function. RT-PCR analyses showed that TaVp1 was highly expressed in Minamino embryos in maturing seeds but much less in roots and leaves of seedlings. The level of TaVp1 mRNA was high when the embryos were treated with ABA but markedly decreased in water-imbibed mature embryos whose dormancy had been broken. Expression analyses of the individual homoeologues showed that the level of TaVp-A1 transcripts was highest in embryos of DAP 20 but much lower in the matured embryos. TaVp-B1 was highly expressed in developing and maturing seed embryos, while TaVp-D1 mRNA existed at lower levels in developing embryos but increased as the seeds were matured. These results suggest that the majority of TaVp1, especially TaVp-B1, are properly spliced and may function as a transcription factor playing an important role on dormancy in Minamino. By employing an efficient transient expression system using diploid wheat seeds, we confirmed the dual function of TaVP-B1: the activation of Em expression and the repression of alpha-amylase expression.
机译：已知玉米的胎生1（Vp1）编码控制种子发芽的转录因子VP1。六倍体小麦具有三个Vp1同系物（TaVp1）：TaVp-A1，TaVp-B1和TaVp-D1。在这项研究中，我们试图表征TaVp1在高度休眠的小麦品种Minamino-komugi（Minamino）中的分子特性。与非休眠品种Sanin-1和Tozan-18相比，Minamino种子对ABA抑制发芽的敏感性更高。 cDNA的序列分析还显示，某些TaVp-A1转录本和TaVp-D1转录本被错误地剪接，可能导致产生截短或缺失的蛋白质。大多数TaVp-B1转录物被正确剪接，但有些转录物在B3域中有一个额外的3-bp（AAG）插入，这可能不会影响其功能。 RT-PCR分析表明，TaVp1在成熟种子的Minamino胚胎中高表达，而在幼苗的根和叶中表达少。当用ABA处理胚胎时，TaVp1 mRNA的水平较高，但在休眠状态已被水吸收的成熟胚中则明显降低。对单个同系物的表达分析表明，TaVp-A1转录本的水平在DAP 20的胚胎中最高，而在成熟的胚胎中则低得多。 TaVp-B1在发育中和成熟的种子胚中高表达，而TaVp-D1 mRNA在发育中的胚中以较低的水平存在，但随着种子的成熟而增加。这些结果表明，大多数TaVp1，特别是TaVp-B1，被正确剪接，并可能起转录因子的作用，对Minamino的休眠发挥重要作用。通过采用使用二倍体小麦种子的高效瞬时表达系统，我们证实了TaVP-B1的双重功能：Em表达的激活和α-淀粉酶表达的抑制。

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