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首页> 外文期刊>Genetics Research >Different patterns of Robertsonian fusion pairing in Bovidae and the house mouse: the relationship between chromosome size and nuclear territories
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Different patterns of Robertsonian fusion pairing in Bovidae and the house mouse: the relationship between chromosome size and nuclear territories

机译：牛科和家鼠中罗伯逊融合融合的不同模式：染色体大小与核区域之间的关系

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摘要

Using a dataset of karyotypic changes reported for bovids and the house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) together with information from the cattle (Bos taurus) and mouse genomes, we examined two principal variables that have been proposed to predict chromosomal positioning in the nucleus, chromosome size and GC content. These were expected to influence the distribution of Robertsonian (Rb) fusions, the predominant mode of chromosomal change in both taxa. We found the largest chromosomes to be most frequently involved in fusions in bovids, and confirm earlier reports that chromosomes of intermediate size were the most frequent fusers in mice. We then tested whether chromosomal positioning can explain Rb fusion frequencies. We classified chromosomes into groups by size and considered the frequency of interactions between specific groups. Among the interactions, mouse chromosomes showed a slight tendency to fuse with neighbouring chromosomes, in line with expectations of chromosomal positioning, but also resembling predictions from meiotic spindle-induced bias. Bovids, on the other hand, showed no trend in interactions, with small chromosomes being the least frequent partner for all size classes. We discuss the results in terms of nuclear organization at various cell cycle stages and the proposed mechanisms of Rb fusion formation, and note that the difference can be explained by (i) considering bovid species generally to be characterized by a greater intermingling of chromosomal size classes than the house mouse, or (ii) by the vastly different timescales underpinning their evolutionary histories.
机译：使用针对牛和家鼠（Mus musculus domesticus）报道的核型变化的数据集，以及来自牛（Bos taurus）和小鼠基因组的信息，我们研究了两个主要变量，这些变量已被提出以预测染色体在核，染色体中的位置大小和GC含量。这些预期会影响罗伯逊（Rb）融合体的分布，这是两个类群中染色体变化的主要模式。我们发现最大的染色体最常参与牛的融合，并证实了先前的报道，中等大小的染色体是小鼠中最常见的融合体。然后，我们测试了染色体定位是否可以解释Rb融合频率。我们按大小将染色体分类，并考虑了特定群体之间相互作用的频率。在相互作用之间，小鼠染色体显示出与邻近染色体融合的轻微趋势，这符合对染色体定位的期望，但也与减数分裂纺锤体诱导的偏见的预测相似。另一方面，牛科动物没有相互作用的趋势，小染色体是所有大小分类中最不频繁的伴侣。我们讨论了在各个细胞周期阶段的核组织以及拟议的Rb融合形成机制的结果，并注意到，这种差异可以通过以下方式解释：（i）考虑通常以更大的染色体大小类别混合为特征的牛种（ii）进化史的时间尺度差异很大。

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