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首页> 外文期刊>Gesunde Pflanzen >Bioassay Development for the Identification of Pre-emergence Herbicide Resistance in Alopecurus myosuroides (Huds.) Populations
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Bioassay Development for the Identification of Pre-emergence Herbicide Resistance in Alopecurus myosuroides (Huds.) Populations

机译：生物测定方法的发展，用于鉴定长穗草（Audcurus myosuroides）（Huds。）种群的芽前除草剂抗性

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摘要

Herbicide-resistant Alopecurus myosuroides (Huds.) is an increasing problem in winter wheat in Western Europe. An increasing number of farmers need sequential herbicide applications to control biotypes with non-target-site resistance. Pre-emergence herbicides play an important and increasing role in resistance management. However, cases of pre-emergence herbicide resistance due to non-target-site mechanisms occur. This paper presents the results of bioassays to determine a reliable standard protocol for the diagnosis of resistance to pre-emergence herbicides in A. myosuroides. Testing was conducted to determine the influence on herbicide efficacy of two different soil types and three kinds of seed coverage, as well as analyses of the optimal assessment date. Additionally, dose-response experiments in soil-based pot bioassays under two growth conditions with pre-germinated seeds and a confirmatory field trial were carried out. Four different herbicides belonging to the HRAC-groups N, K-3, and C-2 were analysed (prosulfocarb, flufenacet, chlorotoluron, and metazachlor). The data showed no statistical influence of sandy loam or a mixture of sandy loam with sand as soil to the differentiation between susceptible and resistant biotypes. The seed coverage influenced the herbicide efficacy. Reliable results for all herbicides within the soil-based pot bioassay under greenhouse conditions at specific assessment dates were obtained. Suggested discriminating rates are 2000 g a.i. ha(-1) for prosulfocarb (dat 14), 75 g a.i. ha(-1) for metazachlor (dat 14), 2100 g a.i. ha(-1) for chlorotoluron (dat 28), and 125 g a.i. ha(-1) for flufenacet (dat 14). The pot assay was shown to be an appropriate procedure for the identification of pre-emergence herbicide resistance to prosulfocarb, metazachlor, chlorotoluron, and flufenacet in A. myosuroides. Consequently, a reliable, quick, and easy to handle bioassay which is required for high throughput screening was detected in the present study.
机译：在西欧，抗除草剂的Aurocurus myosuroides（Huds。）是冬小麦中一个日益严重的问题。越来越多的农民需要顺序施用除草剂，以控制具有非目标部位抗性的生物型。出苗前除草剂在抗性管理中起着重要且日益重要的作用。但是，由于非目标位点机制，会出现芽前除草剂抗药性的情况。本文介绍了生物测定的结果，以确定一种可靠的标准规程，可用于诊断对神经支链霉菌芽前除草剂的抗性。进行测试以确定两种不同土壤类型和三种种子覆盖度对除草剂功效的影响，并分析最佳评估日期。此外，还进行了基于土壤的盆栽生物测定法在两种生长条件下的预发芽种子剂量响应实验和验证性田间试验。分析了属于HRAC N，K-3和C-2组的四种不同的除草剂（磺硫威，氟苯乙酰胺，氯甲苯隆和间草胺）。数据表明，沙壤土或沙壤土与沙子的混合物作为土壤对易感生物型和抗性生物型的区分没有统计影响。种子的覆盖率影响除草剂的功效。在特定评估日期的温室条件下，基于土壤的盆栽生物测定法中的所有除草剂均获得了可靠的结果。建议的鉴别速率为2000 g a.i. ha（-1）用于次磺卡威（日期14），75 g a.i.灭草胺（日期14）的ha（-1），2100 g a.i. ha（-1）用于氯甲苯隆（日期28），125 g a.i. ha（-1）用于氟苯乙草胺（日期14）。盆栽试验证明是一种适合的方法，可用于鉴定萌发前除草剂对Myosuroides中对磺硫威，间草胺，氯甲苯隆和氟苯乙酰胺的抗性。因此，在本研究中检测到了高通量筛选所需的可靠，快速且易于操作的生物测定。

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