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首页> 外文期刊>Bulletin of Volcanology: Journal of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth s Interior >Diffuse volcanic degassing and thermal energy release from Hengill volcanic system, Iceland
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Diffuse volcanic degassing and thermal energy release from Hengill volcanic system, Iceland

机译：冰岛亨吉尔火山系统的弥散性火山脱气和热能释放

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摘要

We report the first detailed study of spatial variations on the diffuse emission of carbon dioxide (CO_2) and hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) from Hengill volcanic system, Iceland. Soil CO_2 and H_2S efflux measurements were performed at 752 sampling sites and ranged from nondetectable to 17,666 and 722 g m~(-2) day~(-1), respectively. The soil temperature was measured at each sampling site and used to evaluate the heat flow. The chemical composition of soil gases sampled at selected sampling sites during this study shows they result from a mixing process between deep volcanic/hydrothermal component and air. Most of the diffuse CO_2 degassing is observed close to areas where active thermal manifestations occur, northeast flank of the Hengill central volcano close to the Nesjavellir power plant, suggesting a diffuse degassing structure with a SSW-NNE trend, overlapping main fissure zone and indicating a structural control of the degassing process. On the other hand, H_2S efflux values are in general very low or negligible along the study area, except those observed at the northeast flank of the Hengill central volcano, where anomalously high CO_2 efflux and soil temperatures were also measured. The total diffuse CO_2 emission estimated for this volcanic system was about 1,526 ± 160 t day~(-1) of which 453 t day~(-1) (29. 7 %) are of volcanic/hydrothermal origin. To calculate the steam discharge associated with the volcanic/hydrothermal CO_2 output, we used the average H_2O/CO_2 mass ratio from 12 fumarole samples equal to 88. 6 (range, 9. 4-240. 2) as a representative value of the H_2O/CO_2 mass ratios for Hengill fumarole steam. The resulting estimate of the steam flow associated with the gas flux is equal to 40,154 t day~(-1). The condensation of this steam results in thermal energy release for Helgill volcanic system of 1. 07 × 10~(14) J day~(-1) or to a total heat flow of 1,237 MW_t.
机译：我们报道了对来自冰岛亨格尔火山系统的二氧化碳（CO_2）和硫化氢（H_2S）的扩散排放的空间变化的首次详细研究。在752个采样点进行了土壤CO_2和H_2S外排的测量，其范围分别为不可探测到17,666和722 g m〜（-2）天〜（-1）。在每个采样点测量土壤温度，并将其用于评估热流。在这项研究中，在选定的采样点采样的土壤气体的化学成分表明，它们是由深层火山/热液成分与空气之间的混合过程产生的。观察到大部分弥散CO_2脱气都靠近活跃的热力表现区域，即靠近Nesjavellir电厂的Hengill中央火山的东北侧面，这表明具有SSW-NNE趋势的弥散脱气结构，重叠了主要裂隙带，并指示出脱气过程的结构控制。另一方面，除了在Hengill中央火山东北侧面观察到的H_2S流出值通常很低或可以忽略不计之外，在Hengill中央火山的东北侧面也观察到了异常高的CO_2流出量和土壤温度。据估算，该火山系统的总扩散CO_2排放量约为1,526±160 t day〜（-1），其中453 t day〜（-1）（29.7％）来自火山/热液源。为了计算与火山/水热CO_2产出有关的蒸汽排放量，我们使用来自12个喷气孔样本的平均H_2O / CO_2质量比等于88. 6（范围为9. 4-240。2）作为H_2O的代表值。 / Hengill fumarole蒸汽的质量比。与气体通量相关的蒸汽流量的最终估计值等于40,154 t day〜（-1）。该蒸汽的冷凝导致Helgill火山系统释放的热能为1. 07×10〜（14）J day〜（-1）或总热流量为1,237 MW_t。

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