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A study of the anti-reflection efficiency of natural nano-arrays of varying sizes

机译：不同大小的天然纳米阵列的减反射效率研究

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The dependence of optical reflectivity and wettability on the surface topography of 32 species of cicada wing membranes has been investigated using UV-visible spectrophotometry, contact angle measurements and environmental scanning electron microscopy. The nanoscale hexagonally close packed protrusions have been shown to exhibit an anti-reflection and in some cases an anti-wetting function. The parameters of the structures were measured to be 77-148 nm in diameter, 44-117 nm in spacing and 159-481 nm in height. The transmittance spectrum and static contact angles were measured. At a wavelength range of 500-2500 nm, only minor differences in the anti-reflection performance were observed for each cicada species ascribed to the mechanism of impedance matching between cuticle and air. The transmittance properties of cicada wings were altered successfully through the scanning probe microscope-based manipulation by reducing the protrusion height via the contact mode. A near linear dependence was found between a decrease in protuberance height and a resulting increase in reflectance intensity. A diversity of wettability was observed with contact angles varying from 56.5° to 146.0°. Both effects of anti-reflection and wettability are dependent on the height of protrusions. The anti-reflection is insensitive when the wavelength is larger than the lateral feature size of the nanostructure. The stronger hydrophobic properties are generally associated with a larger diameter, closer spacing and greater height of protrusions when the wing membrane is intact.
机译：使用紫外可见分光光度法，接触角测量和环境扫描电子显微镜研究了32种蝉翼膜的光学反射率和润湿性对表面形貌的依赖性。已经显示出纳米级六方密堆积突起具有抗反射性，在某些情况下还具有抗湿功能。测得的结构参数为直径77-148 nm，间距44-117 nm和高度159-481 nm。测量了透射光谱和静态接触角。在500-2500 nm的波长范围内，仅观察到每种蝉物种在抗反射性能上的微小差异，这归因于角质层与空气之间的阻抗匹配机制。通过基于扫描探针显微镜的操作，通过接触模式降低突出高度，成功改变了蝉翼的透射特性。在突起高度的降低与反射强度的增加之间发现了接近线性的依赖性。在56.5°至146.0°的接触角范围内观察到了多种润湿性。防反射和润湿性的影响都取决于突起的高度。当波长大于纳米结构的横向特征尺寸时，抗反射不敏感。当机翼膜完好无损时，较强的疏水性通常与较大的直径，较小的间距和较大的突起高度相关。

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