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Thermal soaring flight of birds and unmanned aerial vehicles

机译：鸟类和无人机的热腾飞飞行

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Thermal soaring saves much energy, but flying large distances in this form represents a great challenge for birds, people and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The solution is to make use of the so-called thermals, which are localized, warmer regions in the atmosphere moving upward with a speed exceeding the descent rate of birds and planes. Saving energy by exploiting the environment more efficiently is an important possibility for autonomous UAVs as well. Successful control strategies have been developed recently for UAVs in simulations and in real applications. This paper first presents an overview of our knowledge of the soaring flight and strategy of birds, followed by a discussion of control strategies that have been developed for soaring UAVs both in simulations and applications on real platforms. To improve the accuracy of the simulation of thermal exploitation strategies we propose a method to take into account the effect of turbulence. Finally, we propose a new GPS-independent control strategy for exploiting thermal updrafts.
机译：热腾腾可节省大量能量，但是以这种形式进行远距离飞行对鸟类，人员和无人飞行器（UAV）而言是巨大的挑战。解决方案是利用所谓的热量，这些热量是大气中的局部较热区域，其移动速度超过鸟类和飞机的下降速度。通过更有效地利用环境来节省能源，对于自主无人机也很重要。最近，已经在仿真和实际应用中为无人机开发了成功的控制策略。本文首先概述了我们对飞翔的飞行和鸟类策略的了解，然后讨论了为在模拟和实际平台上的应用中飞翔的无人机而开发的控制策略。为了提高模拟热利用策略的准确性，我们提出了一种考虑湍流影响的方法。最后，我们提出了一种新的独立于GPS的控制策略，用于利用热上升气流。

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