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A fast-starting mechanical fish that accelerates at 40 m s~(-2)

机译：快速启动的机械鱼，可在40 m s〜（-2）处加速

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We have built a simple mechanical system to emulate the fast-start performance of fish. The system consists of a thin metal beam covered by a urethane rubber, the fish body and an appropriately shaped tail. The body form of the mechanical fish was modeled after a pike species and selected because it is a widely-studied fast-start specialist. The mechanical fish was held in curvature and hung in water by two restraining lines, which were simultaneously released by a pneumatic cutting mechanism. The potential energy in the beam was transferred into the fluid, thereby accelerating the fish. We measured the resulting acceleration, and calculated the efficiency of propulsion for the mechanical fish model, defined as the ratio of the final kinetic energy of the fish and the initially stored potential energy in the body beam. We also ran a series of flow visualization tests to observe the resulting flow patterns. The maximum start-up acceleration was measured to be around 40 m s~(-2), with the maximum final velocity around 1.2 m s~(-1). The form of the measured acceleration signal as function of time is quite similar to that of type I fast-start motions studied by Harper and Blake (1991 J. Exp. Biol. 155 175-92). The hydrodynamic efficiency of the fish was found to be around 10%. Flow visualization of the mechanical fast-start wake was also analyzed, showing that the acceleration peaks are associated with the shedding of two vortex rings in near-lateral directions.
机译：我们建立了一个简单的机械系统来模拟鱼的快速启动性能。该系统由覆盖有聚氨酯橡胶的细金属梁，鱼体和适当形状的尾巴组成。机械鱼的身体形态是根据派克物种进行建模并选择的，因为它是一个经过广泛研究的快速入门专家。机械鱼保持弯曲状态，并通过两条约束线悬挂在水中，并通过气动切割机构同时释放。束中的势能被转移到流体中，从而加速了鱼的生长。我们测量了产生的加速度，并计算了机械鱼模型的推进效率，该模型定义为鱼的最终动能与体束中初始存储的势能之比。我们还运行了一系列流量可视化测试，以观察最终的流量模式。测量的最大启动加速度约为40 m s〜（-2），最大最终速度约为1.2 m s〜（-1）。测得的加速度信号随时间变化的形式与Harper和Blake（1991 J. Exp。Biol。155 175-92）研究的I型快速启动运动的形式非常相似。鱼类的水动力效率约为10％。还对机械快速启动尾流的流动可视化进行了分析，结果表明，加速度峰值与两个旋涡环在近侧方向的脱落有关。

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