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Size effects on insect hovering aerodynamics: an integrated computational study

机译：尺寸对昆虫盘旋空气动力学的影响：综合计算研究

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Hovering is a miracle of insects that is observed for all sizes of flying insects. Sizing effect in insect hovering on flapping-wing aerodynamics is of interest to both the micro-air-vehicle (MAV) community and also of importance to comparative morphologists. In this study, we present an integrated computational study of such size effects on insect hovering aerodynamics, which is performed using a biology-inspired dynamic flight simulator that integrates the modelling of realistic wing-body morphology, the modelling of flapping-wing and body kinematics and an in-house Navier-Stokes solver. Results of four typical insect hovering flights including a hawkmoth, a honeybee, a fruit fly and a thrips, over a wide range of Reynolds numbers from O(10(4)) to O(10(1)) are presented, which demonstrate the feasibility of the present integrated computational methods in quantitatively modelling and evaluating the unsteady aerodynamics in insect flapping flight. Our results based on realistically modelling of insect hovering therefore offer an integrated understanding of the near-field vortex dynamics, the far-field wake and downwash structures, and their correlation with the force production in terms of sizing and Reynolds number as well as wing kinematics. Our results not only give an integrated interpretation on the similarity and discrepancy of the near- and far-field vortex structures in insect hovering but also demonstrate that our methods can be an effective tool in the MAVs design.
机译：盘旋是昆虫的奇迹，可以观察到所有大小的飞行昆虫。昆虫盘旋对襟翼空气动力学的上浆效应不仅对微型汽车（MAV）界感兴趣，而且对比较形态学家也很重要。在这项研究中，我们介绍了这种尺寸对昆虫盘旋空气动力学的影响的综合计算研究，该研究是使用生物学启发的动态飞行模拟器进行的，该模拟器将逼真的机翼-身体形态的建模，扑翼和身体运动学的建模集成在一起和内部的Navier-Stokes求解器。提出了从O（10（4））到O（10（1））的雷诺数范围内的四种典型的昆虫盘旋飞行结果，包括鹰蛾，蜜蜂，果蝇和蓟马。集成计算方法在昆虫拍打飞行中非定常空气动力学定量建模和评估中的可行性。因此，基于对昆虫盘旋的逼真的建模，我们的结果提供了对近场涡旋动力学，远场尾流和下冲水结构以及它们与尺寸，雷诺数以及机翼运动学方面的力产生的相关性的综合理解。 。我们的结果不仅对昆虫盘旋中近场和远场涡旋结构的相似性和差异给出了完整的解释，而且证明了我们的方法可以成为MAV设计中的有效工具。

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