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首页> 外文期刊>Global change biology >Effects of nitrogen deposition and insect herbivory on patterns of ecosystem-level carbon and nitrogen dynamics: results from the CENTURY model
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Effects of nitrogen deposition and insect herbivory on patterns of ecosystem-level carbon and nitrogen dynamics: results from the CENTURY model

机译：氮沉降和昆虫食草对生态系统水平碳和氮动态模式的影响：来自CENTURY模型的结果

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Atmospheric nitrogen deposition may indirectly affect ecosystems through deposition-induced changes in the rates of insect herbivory. Plant nitrogen (N) status can affect the consumption rates and population dynamics of herbivorous insects, but the extent to which N deposition-induced changes in herbivory might lead to changes in ecosystem-level carbon (C) and N dynamics is unknown. We created three insect herbivory functions based on empirical responses of insect consumption and population dynamics to changes in foliar N and implemented them into the CENTURY model. We modeled the responses of C and N storage patterns and flux rates to N deposition and insect herbivory in an herbaceous system. Results from the model indicate that N deposition caused a strong increase in plant production, decreased plant C : N ratios, increased soil organic C (SOC), and enhanced rates of N mineralization. In contrast, herbivory decreased both vegetative and SOC storage and depressed N mineralization rates. The results suggest that herbivory plays a particularly important role in affecting ecosystem processes by regulating the threshold value of N deposition at which ecosystem C storage saturates; C storage saturated at lower rates of N deposition with increasing intensity of herbivory. Differences in the results among the modeled insect herbivory functions suggests that distinct physiological and population response of insect herbivores can have a large impact on ecosystem processes. Including the effects of herbivory in ecosystem studies, particularly in systems where rates of herbivory are high and linked to plant C : N, will be important in generating accurate predictions of the effects of atmospheric N deposition on ecosystem C and N dynamics.
机译：大气中的氮沉积可能通过沉积引起的昆虫食草率变化而间接影响生态系统。植物氮（N）的状态可以影响草食性昆虫的消耗率和种群动态，但是由N沉积引起的食草性变化可能导致生态系统水平碳（C）和N动态变化的程度尚不清楚。我们基于昆虫消耗和种群动态对叶面氮变化的经验响应创建了三种昆虫食草功能，并将其实现为CENTURY模型。我们模拟了草本系统中碳氮存储模式和通量速率对氮沉降和食草动物的响应。该模型的结果表明，氮沉降引起植物产量的大幅增加，植物碳氮比的降低，土壤有机碳（SOC）的增加以及氮矿化率的提高。相比之下，食草动物减少了植物的营养和SOC含量，降低了N的矿化率。结果表明，草食动物通过调节生态系统碳储存饱和的氮沉降阈值，在影响生态系统过程中发挥特别重要的作用。随着草食强度的提高，氮的沉积速率降低，碳储量饱和。建模的昆虫食草功能之间结果的差异表明，昆虫食草动物的独特生理和种群响应可能会对生态系统过程产生重大影响。将草食动物的影响包括在生态系统研究中，特别是在草食动物的比率高并与植物C：N相关的系统中，对于产生准确的大气N沉积对生态系统C和N动态影响的预测非常重要。

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