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Carbon balance and radiative forcing of Finnish peatlands 1900-2100 - the impact of forestry drainage

机译：1900-2100年芬兰泥炭地的碳平衡和辐射强迫-林业排水的影响

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Natural peatlands accumulate carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). They affect the global climate by binding carbon dioxide (CO2) and releasing methane (CH4) to the atmosphere; in contrast fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O) in natural peatlands are insignificant. Changes in drainage associated with forestry alter these greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and thus the radiative forcing (RF) of peatlands. In this paper, changes in peat and tree stand C stores, GHG fluxes and the consequent RF of Finnish undisturbed and forestry-drained peatlands are estimated for 1900-2100. The C store in peat is estimated at 5.5 Pg in 1950. The rate of C sequestration into peat has increased from 2.2 Tg a(-1) in 1900, when all peatlands were undrained, to 3.6 Tg a(--1) at present, when c . 60% of peatlands have been drained for forestry. The C store in tree stands has increased from 60 to 170 Tg during the 20th century. Methane emissions have decreased from an estimated 1.0-0.5 Tg CH4-C a(-1) , while those of N2O have increased from 0.0003 to 0.005 Tg N-2 O-N a(-1). The altered exchange rates of GHG gases since 1900 have decreased the RF of peatlands in Finland by about 3 mW m(--2) from the predrainage situation. This result contradicts the common hypothesis that drainage results in increased C emissions and therefore increased RF of peatlands. The negative radiative forcing due to drainage is caused by increases in CO2 sequestration in peat (-0.5 mW m(-2)), tree stands and wood products (-0.8 mW m(2) ), decreases in CH4 emissions from peat to the atmosphere (-1.6 mW m(-2)), and only a small increase in N2O emissions (+0.1 mW m(-2) ). Although the calculations presented include many uncertainties, the above results are considered qualitatively reliable and may be expected to be valid also for Scandinavian countries and Russia, where most forestry-drained peatlands occur outside Finland.
机译：天然泥炭地积碳（C）和氮（N）。它们通过结合二氧化碳（CO2）并将甲烷（CH4）释放到大气中来影响全球气候;相比之下，天然泥炭地中的一氧化二氮（N2O）通量微不足道。与林业相关的排水变化会改变这些温室气体（GHG）通量，从而改变泥炭地的辐射强迫（RF）。本文估计了1900-2100年间泥炭和林分C储量的变化，温室气体通量的变化以及随之而来的芬兰未受干扰和森林排水的泥炭地的RF。估计1950年泥炭中的C储量为5.5 Pg。泥炭中C的固存率从1900年所有泥炭地不排水时的2.2 Tg a（-1）增加到目前的3.6 Tg a（-1）。 ，当c。 60％的泥炭地已被排干用于林业。在20世纪，树桩中的C储量从60 Tg增加到170 Tg。甲烷排放量已从估计的1.0-0.5 Tg CH4-C a（-1）减少，而N2O排放量则从0.0003 Tg N-2 O-N a（-1）增加。自1900年以来，温室气体的汇率发生了变化，与预排水情况相比，芬兰泥炭地的RF降低了约3 mW m（-2）。该结果与普遍的假设相反，后者的假设是排水导致碳排放量增加，从而增加了泥炭地的RF。泥炭（-0.5 mW m（-2）），树木林分和木制品（-0.8 mW m（2））中的CO2固存增加，泥炭到土壤中的CH4排放减少导致了排水引起的负辐射强迫。大气（-1.6 mW m（-2）），而N2O排放量仅小幅增加（+0.1 mW m（-2））。尽管给出的计算存在许多不确定性，但上述结果在质量上被认为是可靠的，并且有望对斯堪的纳维亚国家和俄罗斯也有效，在这些国家中，大部分被森林砍伐的泥炭地都位于芬兰以外。

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