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首页> 外文期刊>Family planning perspectives >Changing emphases in sexuality education in U.S. public secondary schools, 1988-1999.
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Changing emphases in sexuality education in U.S. public secondary schools, 1988-1999.

机译：1988-1999年，美国公立中学对性教育的重视程度发生了变化。

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CONTEXT: Since the late 1980s, both the political context surrounding sexuality education and actual teaching approaches have changed considerably. However, little current national information has been available on the content of sexuality education to allow in-depth understanding of the breadth of these changes and their impact on current teaching. METHODS: In 1999, a nationally representative survey collected data from 3,754 teachers in grades 7-12 in the five specialties most often responsible for sexuality education. Results from those teachers and from the subset of 1,767 who actually taught sexuality education are compared with the findings from a comparable national survey conducted in 1988. RESULTS: In 1999, 93% of all respondents reported that sexuality education was taught in their school at some point in grades 7-12; sexuality education covered a broad number of topics, including sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), abstinence, birth control, abortion and sexual orientation. Some topics--how HIV is transmitted, STDs, abstinence, how to resist peer pressure to have intercourse and the correct way to use a condom--were taught at lowergrades in 1999 than in 1988. In 1999, 23% of secondary school sexuality education teachers taught abstinence as the only way of preventing pregnancy and STDs, compared with 2% who did so in 1988. Teachers surveyed in 1999 were more likely than those in 1988 to cite abstinence as the most important message they wished to convey (41% vs. 25%). In addition, steep declines occurred between 1988 and 1999, overall and across grade levels, in the percentage of teachers who supported teaching about birth control, abortion and sexual orientation, as well as in the percentage actually covering those topics. However, 39% of 1999 respondents who presented abstinence as the only option also told students that both birth control and the condom can be effective. CONCLUSIONS: Sexuality education in secondary public schools is increasingly focused on abstinence and is less likely to present students with comprehensive teaching that includes necessary information on topics such as birth control, abortion and sexual orientation. Because of this, and in spite of some abstinence instruction that also covers birth control and condoms as effective methods of prevention, many students are not receiving accurate information on topics their teachers feel they need.
机译：背景：自1980年代末以来，围绕性教育的政治背景和实际教学方法都发生了很大变化。但是，关于性教育内容的最新国家信息很少，无法深入了解这些变化的广度及其对当前教学的影响。方法：1999年，一项全国代表性的调查收集了来自最负责性教育的五个专业的3754名7-12年级教师的数据。将这些教师和实际教过性教育的1767名学生的结果与1988年进行的全国性比较得出的结果进行了比较。结果：1999年，所有受访者中有93％报告说，他们在某些学校在学校中接受过性教育分数在7-12年级;性教育涵盖了广泛的主题，包括性传播疾病，节欲，节育，流产和性取向。与1988年相比，1999年的低年级课程讲授了一些主题-HIV的传播方式，性传播疾病，禁欲，如何抵抗同伴的性交压力以及使用安全套的正确方法。1999年，该课程的学习水平低于1988年。1999年，中学的性生活占23％教育老师教节欲是预防怀孕和性病的唯一方法，而1988年只有2％的人教过节欲。1999年接受调查的教师比1988年更倾向于将节欲作为他们希望传达的最重要的信息（41％）对比25％）。此外，在1988年至1999年之间，从总体上和各个年级水平来看，支持节育，流产和性取向教学的教师比例以及实际涵盖这些主题的比例均出现了急剧下降。但是，在1999年将节欲作为唯一选择的受访者中，有39％的人还告诉学生，节育和避孕套都可以有效。结论：中学公立学校的性教育越来越关注禁欲，并且不太可能为学生提供全面的教学，包括关于节育，流产和性取向等主题的必要信息。因此，尽管有一些节制说明也涵盖了节育和避孕套作为有效的预防方法，但许多学生并未获得有关老师认为需要的主题的准确信息。

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