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Advances in greener separation processes-case study:recovery of chlrinated aromatic compounds

机译：绿色分离工艺的进展-案例研究：回收氯化芳族化合物

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Effective waste management must address waste avoidance,waste reuse,waste recovery and,as the least progressive option,waste treatment.Separation methodologies fit well within a modern green processing ethos,serving to isolate,concentrate and recover valuable material from toxic waste (notably aqueous)streams.An overview is provided of the established separation techniques that focuses on organic contaminants and the associated remedaition objectives.The Case Study chosen to illustrate the role separation has to play in environmental pollution control deals with the removal of toxic chloroarenees from wastewater.This is a topic of growing concern as governmental legislation focuses on a substantial reduction in the emission of a broad range of chlorinated compounds.The sources and environental impact associatedwith chloro-emissions and the existing treatment technologies are presented and discussed.Adsorption represents the most widely applicable non-destructive control technology,offering the possibility of recoveryrecycleTaking adsorption on activated carbon as a standard,the performance of novel catalytically generated structured carbon is evaluated and shown to outperform activated carbon in batch and semi-batch operation.The level of uptake is markedly higher on carbon surfaces that have been functionalised by acid washing and partial oxidation.The carbon nanofilament adsorbent bed exhibits lower back pressure when treating a continuous contaminant flow,separation of the liquid from the solid in batch opertion is more facile and a chloroarene recovery/concentration is possible in polar solvents,a combination of factors that facilitates cleaner separation/recycle.
机译：有效的废物管理必须解决废物避免，废物再利用，废物回收以及废物处理（作为最不先进的选择）的问题。分离方法非常适合现代绿色加工精神，可用于从有毒废物（尤其是水性废物）中分离，浓缩和回收有价值的材料概述了已建立的分离技术，该分离技术侧重于有机污染物及其相关的修复目标。本案例研究旨在说明分离在环境污染控制中必须发挥的作用，涉及从废水中去除有毒氯代芳烃。由于政府立法的重点是大幅减少各种氯化物的排放，因此成为一个日益受到关注的话题，并介绍和讨论了与氯排放有关的源和环境影响以及现有的处理技术，吸附代表了最广泛的应用无损控制技术利用活性炭吸附作为标准，评估了新型催化生成的结构化碳的性能，并证明其在分批和半分批操作中的性能均优于活性炭。碳纳米丝吸附床在处理连续的污染物流时表现出较低的背压，在批处理操作中将液体与固体分离更容易，并且在极性溶剂中可以进行氯芳烃的回收/浓缩。促进清洁剂分离/回收的因素的综合。

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