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首页> 外文期刊>Family planning perspectives >Contraceptive failure in the first two years of use: differences across socioeconomic subgroups.
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Contraceptive failure in the first two years of use: differences across socioeconomic subgroups.

机译：在使用的头两年避孕失败：社会经济亚组之间的差异。

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CONTEXT: While differences in levels of contraceptive use across socioeconomic subgroups of women have narrowed greatly over time, large disparities remain in rates of unintended pregnancy. One reason is variations in the effectiveness with which women and their partners use contraceptive methods. METHODS: Data on contraceptive use and accidental pregnancy from the 1988 and 1995 National Surveys of Family Growth were corrected for abortion underreporting and pooled for analysis. Use-failure rates were estimated for reversible methods during the first year, second year and first two years of use, for subgroups of women of various characteristics. RESULTS: The average failure rate for all reversible methods, adjusted for abortion underreporting, declines from 13% to 8% from the first year of method use to the second year. First-year failure rates are highest among women using spermicides, withdrawal and periodic abstinence (on average, 23-28% in the first year), and lowest for women relying on long-acting methods and oral contraceptives (4-8%). On average, they exceed 10% for all users except women aged 30-44, married women and women in the highest poverty-status category. The chance of accidental pregnancy does not differ significantly between method users younger than 18 and those aged 18-19. CONCLUSION: Both user and method characteristics determine whether contraceptive users will be able to avoid unintended pregnancy. Family planning providers should help clients to identify methods that they are most likely to use successfully, and counsel them on how to be consistent users and to avoid behaviors that contribute to method failure.
机译：背景：尽管随着时间的流逝，妇女在社会经济各亚组中避孕药具使用水平的差异已大大缩小，但意外怀孕率仍存在巨大差异。原因之一是妇女及其伴侣使用避孕方法的有效性不同。方法：对1988年和1995年全国家庭增长调查中避孕药具使用和意外怀孕的数据进行了校正，以减少流产报告的不足，并进行汇总分析。估计使用第一年，第二年和头两年的可逆方法对各种特征的女性亚组的使用失败率。结果：从使用方法的第一年到第二年，针对堕胎漏报的情况进行了调整的所有可逆方法的平均失败率从13％下降到8％。使用杀精剂，戒断和定期戒酒的女性第一年失败率最高（平均第一年为23-28％），而依靠长效方法和口服避孕药的女性第一年失败率最低（4-8％）。平均而言，除30-44岁的女性，已婚女性和处于最高贫困状况类别的女性外，所有用户的使用率均超过10％。 18岁以下的方法使用者和18-19岁的方法使用者意外怀孕的机会没有显着差异。结论：使用者和方法的特点都决定了避孕使用者是否能够避免意外怀孕。计划生育服务提供者应帮助客户确定最有可能成功使用的方法，并就如何保持一致的用户并避免导致方法失败的行为向他们提供咨询。

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