• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>California Fish and Game >Domestic sheep, bighorn sheep, and respiratory disease: a review of the experimental evidence
【24h】

Domestic sheep, bighorn sheep, and respiratory disease: a review of the experimental evidence

机译：家养绵羊，大角羊和呼吸系统疾病：实验证据综述

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Introduced infectious diseases pose a significant threat to wildlife populations and are exceptional conservation challenges, in part because they can precipitate much more rapid and devastating population declines than habitat encroachment. Pneumonia epizootics have played a major role in the dynamics and conservation challenges of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) populations. A large proportion of native bighorn sheep populations south of Canada went extinct beginning in the second half of the 19th century. It has long been postulated, based on temporal and spatial correlations, that diseases transferred from domestic sheep (Ovis aries) played a major role in those losses. Although experimental research has repeatedly tested the hypothesis that domestic sheep carry strains of respiratory tract pathogens potentially fatal to bighorn sheep, debate continues over the role of domestic sheep in this disease process. In the context of a hierarchical set of hypotheses we review this experimental research that includes (I) contact trials involving bighorn sheep penned with domestic sheep and a variety of other native and domestic animal species; (2) inoculation experiments with no animal contact; (3) attempts to isolate and identify specific organisms responsible for pneumonia in bighorn sheep; and (4) vaccination experiments. Our review reveals that (1) experiments have repeatedly corroborated the hypothesis that bighorn sheep have a high probability of contracting fatal pneumonia following contact with domestic sheep; (2) low disease and mortality rates in numerous co-pasturing pen studies involving bighorn sheep and animals other than domestic sheep do not support the alternative explanation that the results of the co-pasturing studies involving domestic sheep were an artifact of captivity; (3) the identification of which organism(s) cause pneumonia in bighorn sheep following contact with domestic sheep remains unresolved, possibly because of disease complexity (multiple pathogens) and limitations of research tools applied; and (4) vaccination trials largely have failed to mitigate the spread of respiratory disease and appear to be an unrealistic solution to the problem. We discuss these findings relative to a variety of questions, misinterpretations, and implications for management decisions concerning bighorn sheep conservation.
机译：引入的传染病对野生动植物种群构成了重大威胁，也是特殊的保护挑战，部分原因是与生境侵占相比，它们可以导致更为迅速的毁灭性人口下降。肺炎流行病在大角羊（加拿大羊）种群的动态变化和保护挑战中发挥了重要作用。从19世纪下半叶开始，加拿大南部的大部分大角野绵羊种群就灭绝了。长期以来，基于时间和空间的相互关系，人们推测从家养绵羊（羊）中转移的疾病在这些损失中起了主要作用。尽管实验研究已经反复检验了这种假设，即家羊携带可能对大角羊造成致命性的呼吸道病原体，但关于家羊在这种疾病过程中的作用的争论仍在继续。在一系列假设的背景下，我们回顾了该实验研究，其中包括：（I）涉及大角羊与家养绵羊以及各种其他本土和家养动物一起进行的接触试验; （2）无动物接触的接种实验; （3）试图分离和鉴定造成大角羊绵羊肺炎的特定微生物; （4）疫苗接种实验。我们的评论表明：（1）实验反复证实了大角羊与家养绵羊接触后极有可能患致命性肺炎的假说; （2）在涉及大角羊和家养绵羊以外的动物的许多共同放牧笔研究中，疾病和死亡率较低，并不支持另一种解释，即关于共同绵羊的共同放牧研究的结果是人工饲养的产物; （3）与大羊羊接触家养羊后，哪种生物引起肺炎的鉴定尚待解决，这可能是由于疾病的复杂性（多种病原体）和研究工具的局限性所致; （4）疫苗接种试验在很大程度上未能减轻呼吸系统疾病的蔓延，似乎对这一问题不切实际。我们讨论这些发现，涉及各种问题，误解以及对大角羊保护管理决策的影响。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号