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Fastener Failure Analysis - Case Study: Turbine Engine Score-Plate Bolt Fracture

机译：紧固件失效分析-案例研究：涡轮发动机刻痕板螺栓断裂

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In conducting failure analysis on aerospace industry fasteners, we frequently encounter creep rupture mode of material failure characterized by intergranular fractures. Let's start with a quick review of terms before we look at a specific case. The tendency of a material to deform under the influences of mechanical stresses is often referred to simply as "creep". This can be confusing as deformation typically refers to stretching and elongation of individual grains. In creep damage, small microvoids form at the grain boundary due to slight movement of grains, hence the term "creep". The rate and extent of this stress-induced deformation is a function of exposure time, temperature and the applied structural load. These stresses are below the yield strength of the material, but are applied over a long period of time such as months or even years. Intergranular fracture is the propagation of cracks along the grain boundaries of a metal or alloy. When the cross-section transverse to the applied load has been sufficiently compromised due to the internal formation of creep voids, fracture occurs.
机译：在对航空航天紧固件进行故障分析时，我们经常会遇到以晶间断裂为特征的材料破坏的蠕变破裂模式。让我们从对术语的快速回顾开始，然后再看一个具体案例。材料在机械应力的影响下发生变形的趋势通常简称为“蠕变”。这可能会造成混淆，因为变形通常是指单个晶粒的拉伸和伸长。在蠕变损伤中，由于晶粒的轻微运动，在晶粒边界处会形成小的微孔，因此称为“蠕变”。这种应力引起的变形的速率和程度是暴露时间，温度和施加的结构载荷的函数。这些应力低于材料的屈服强度，但会施加较长的时间，例如数月甚至数年。晶间断裂是指裂纹沿着金属或合金的晶界传播。当由于蠕变空隙的内部形成而使横向于所施加的载荷的横截面充分折衷时，发生断裂。

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