Reducing chromium VI to chromium III: a case study of successfully installed technology

Linda White

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Reducing chromium VI to chromium III: a case study of successfully installed technology

机译：将六价铬还原为三价铬：成功安装技术的案例研究

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The EU Directive covering reduction of chromium VI in finished cement requires all cement to contain no more than 2ppm of chromium VI. Chromium VI is produced during the clinker manufacturing process. It is soluble in water, and, in wet cement, becomes a sensitising agent for allergic dermatitis if there is direct and prolonged contact with the skin. The most effective way of decreasing chromium VI is to add reducing agents. This addition changes the chromium VI to chromium III, which is not soluble and does not produce similar allergic reactions. Ferrous sulphate powder has been identified as one of the more cost effective reducing agents, but, due to its nature, brings with it some materials handling challenges. Ferrous sulphate powder exists in two basic forms: monohydrate and heptahydrate. Of the two, the monohydrate form is less problematic to handle, but is not as effective in reducing chromium as the Heptahydrate form.

机译：欧盟指令涉及减少成品水泥中六价铬的要求，要求所有水泥中六价铬的含量不得超过2ppm。铬VI是在熟料制造过程中生产的。它可溶于水，并且在湿水泥中，如果与皮肤直接长期接触，会成为过敏性皮炎的敏化剂。减少六价铬的最有效方法是添加还原剂。该添加将六价铬变为三价铬，后者不溶且不会产生类似的过敏反应。硫酸亚铁粉末已被公认为是更具成本效益的还原剂之一，但是由于其性质，它带来了一些材料处理方面的挑战。硫酸亚铁粉末以两种基本形式存在：一水合物和七水合物。在这两种中，一水合物形式的处理问题较少，但在还原铬方面不如七水合物形式有效。

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《Global Cement Magazine》 |2007年第5期|共2页
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Linda White;
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1. Reducing chromium VI to chromium III: a case study of successfully installed technology [J] . Linda White Global Cement Magazine . 2007,第May期

机译：将六价铬还原为三价铬：成功安装技术的案例研究
2. Study of the thermodynamics of chromium(III) and chromium(VI) binding to iron(II/III)oxide or magnetite or ferrite and magnanese(II) iron (III) oxide or jacobsite or manganese ferrite nanoparticles [J] . Luther S., Brogfeld N., Kim J., Journal of Colloid and Interface Science . 2013,第Null期

机译：铬（III）和铬（VI）与氧化铁（II / III）或磁铁矿或铁氧体和镁（II）氧化铁（III）或菱铁矿或锰铁氧体纳米粒子结合的热力学研究
3. Occurrence and speciation of polymeric chromium(III), monomeric chromium(III) and chromium(VI) in environmental samples [J] . Hu Ligang, Cai Yong, Jiang Guibin Chemosphere . 2016,第auga期

机译：环境样品中聚合铬（III），单体铬（III）和铬（VI）的发生和形态
4. Environmental Gains in High Speed Chromium Plating from Chromium (III) Electrolytes Using Advanced Process Technology [C] . M El-Sharif AESF/EPA pollution prevention control conference . 1997

机译：使用先进工艺技术从铬（III）电解液高速镀铬中获得的环境收益
5. I. Chromium(III)-catalyzed carbometalation of alkynes. II. Chromium(III)-catalyzed synthesis of allenes via a syn-carbometalation/syn-elimination sequence. III. Palladium(0)-catalyzed synthesis of ene-allenes via cross-coupling reactions with alkenyl trifluoroborates. [D] . Sommers, Erin McGeehan. 2006

机译：I.铬（III）催化炔烃的碳金属化。二。铬（III）通过顺碳共金属/顺消除序列催化的丙二烯合成。三，钯（0）通过烯基三氟硼酸酯的交叉偶联反应催化烯-烯的合成。
6. Occurrence and Speciation of Polymeric Chromium(III) Monomeric Chromium(III) and Chromium(VI) in Environmental Samples [O] . LIGANG HU, YONG CAI, GUIBIN JIANG -1

机译：环境样品中聚合铬（III）单体铬（III）和铬（VI）的发生和形态
7. A study of linear sweep voltammetric determination of chromium (VI), chromium (III), and sulphate ions in chromium plating solution. [O] . 1984

机译：线性扫描伏安法测定镀铬液中铬（VI），铬（Ⅲ）和硫酸根离子的研究。
8. Study of Chromium-Free and Chromium-Reduced Steels [R] . Wiencek, T. C., Thresh, H. R. 1983

机译：无铬和铬还原钢的研究

Reducing chromium VI to chromium III: a case study of successfully installed technology

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