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The evidence base behind modern fasting guidelines

机译：现代禁食指南背后的证据基础

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Fasting before general anaesthesia aims to reduce the volume and acidity of stomach contents, thus decreasing the risk of regurgitation/aspiration. The objectives of the Cochrane report which are summarised in this paper, were to systematically review the effect of different preop-erative fasting regimes (duration, type and volume of intake) on perioperative complications and patient wellbeing. Few trials reported the incidence of aspiration/regurgitation or related morbidity but relied on indirect measures of patient safety ie intraoperative gastric volume and pH. There was no evidence to suggest intake of fluids up to 2 hr preoperatively has an impact on patients gastric volumes or pH Intake of fluids up to 90 min preoperatively had no impact on gastric contents but this was based on small numbers. In addition, permitting patients to drink water preoperatively resulted in significantly lower gastric volumes Clinicians should evaluate this evidence for themselves and when necessary, adjust existing fasting policies
机译：全身麻醉前禁食的目的是减少胃内容物的体积和酸度，从而降低反流/抽吸的风险。本文概述的Cochrane报告的目的是系统地评估术前不同禁食方式（持续时间，摄入类型和摄入量）对围手术期并发症和患者健康的影响。很少有试验报告吸入/反流或相关发病率的发生，但依赖于患者安全性的间接测量，即术中胃容积和pH。没有证据表明术前2小时摄取液体对患者的胃容量或pH有影响。术前90分钟摄取液体对胃的含量没有影响，但这是基于少量的结果。此外，允许患者术前喝水可显着降低胃容量。临床医生应自行评估该证据，并在必要时调整现有的禁食政策

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