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Selective estrogen receptor modulation in pancreatic β-cells and the prevention of type 2 diabetes

机译:胰腺β细胞中选择性雌激素受体的调节与2型糖尿病的预防

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We recently showed that the female hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) protects against β-cell failure in rodent models of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by suppressing islet fatty acids and glycerolipids synthesis, thus preventing lipotoxic β-cell failure. E2 anti-lipogenic actions were recapitulated by pharmacological activation of the estrogen receptor (ER)α, ERβ and the G-protein coupled ER (GPER) in cultured rodent and human β-cells. In vivo, in mouse islets, ERα activation inhibited β-cell lipogenesis by suppressing fatty acid synthase expression (and activity) via an extranuclear, estrogen response element (ERE)-independent pathway requiring the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Here, we show that in INS-1 insulin-secreting cells, the selective ER modulator (SERM), Raloxifene, behaves both as ER antagonist with regard to nuclear ERE-dependent actions and as an ER agonist with regard to suppressing triglyceride accumulation. This additional finding opens the perspective that SERMs harboring ER agonistic activity in β-cells could have application in postmenopausal prevention of T2D. Additional studies using novel generation SERMs are needed to address this issue.
机译:我们最近发现,雌性激素17β-雌二醇(E2)可通过抑制胰岛脂肪酸和甘油脂的合成来预防2型糖尿病(T2D)啮齿动物模型中的β细胞衰竭,从而预防脂毒性β细胞衰竭。通过在培养的啮齿动物和人β细胞中雌激素受体(ER)α,ERβ和G蛋白偶联ER(GPER)的药理活化来概括E2的抗脂肪形成作用。在体内,在小鼠胰岛中,ERα激活通过独立于核外,雌激素反应元件(ERE)的途径(需要信号转导子和转录激活子3)抑制脂肪酸合酶的表达(和活性)来抑制β细胞脂肪生成。在这里,我们结果表明,在INS-1胰岛素分泌细胞中,选择性ER调节剂(SERM)雷洛昔芬在核ERE依赖性作用方面既是ER拮抗剂,又在抑制甘油三酸酯蓄积方面既是ER激动剂。这一额外发现为β细胞中具有ER激动活性的SERMs在绝经后预防T2D中的应用开辟了前景。为了解决这个问题,还需要使用新一代SERM进行其他研究。

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