Of the major hurdles to successful integration into the EU will be the loss of two of the staples of eastern European animal production- meat and bone meal and antibiotic growth promoters. In the last issue, Feed Mix reported on the advice available to Polish nutritionists on coping with the EU's stringent nitrogen laws. Here, some EU experts pass on their experience of surviving without AGP's and MBM. Two of the major issues dominating animal nutrition in the EU at the moment are the impending removal of antimicrobial growth promoters and animal proteins from livestock diets. These issues will certainly be dominant in eastern European diet formulation, as a result of the EU's enlargement policy. Poland is one of the countries that are experiencingthe major upheavals that have taken place in western Europe in recent years, but it hopes to benefit from their experience Feed Mix caught up with one such exchange of ideas last December and, in the last issue, reported on how synthetic amino acids canbe used to enhance the protein content of cereals to decrease nitrogen emissions and reduce variability in animal performance. Amino acids can also be used as part of a programme to maintain performance without AGP's or MBM. To do this, nutritionists have had to redefine amino acid requirements for pigs and poultry.
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