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首页> 外文期刊>Field Crops Research >Effects of potassium fertilization on winter wheat under different production practices in the North China Plain.
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Effects of potassium fertilization on winter wheat under different production practices in the North China Plain.

机译：华北平原不同生产方式下钾肥对冬小麦的影响。

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摘要

Haplic Luvisols with low to medium grade of potassium occur in major agricultural regions of north China. Moreover, unbalanced fertilization has rapidly depleted soil available potassium (K) and hence caused significant yield response to K fertilization in many intensive farming systems. Our specific objectives in this study were to determine winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) response to K fertilization on Haplic Luvisols in the North China Plain (NCP) as affected by conventional as well as high-yielding production practices. Four field experiments were conducted in the NCP. The factorial study compared three levels of K fertilization (K0=no K; K1=medium K rate; K2=high K rate) and two levels of production practices: conventional (CP) and high yielding (HP). A significant positive wheat yield response to K fertilization was obtained under both CP and HP at all site-years. On average, K fertilization significantly increased all three yield components measured, namely kernel number per spike, spike number per hectare and kilo-grain weight. Overall, HP outperformed CP in terms of wheat grain and biomass yield. Nutrient use efficiency of N and P was increased by K application, especially under HP. Overall, HP surpassed CP with regard to partial factor productivity of N and K (PFPN and PFPK) across the four site-years, whereas the opposite trend was found for partial factor productivity of P (PFPP) due to increasing P input. Negative K balances were observed in all of the treatments in both years and under both production practices, especially under HP. Economic profits were achieved under both production practices, but there were no significant differences between CP and HP on average, across four site-years. Therefore, farmers who are planting wheat on Haplic Luvisols in the NCP must take account of the K fertility of their soils for sustainable crop production.
机译：钾含量低至中度的Haplic Luvisols产于中国北方主要农业地区。此外，不平衡的施肥迅速耗尽了土壤中的有效钾（K），因此在许多集约化耕作系统中引起了对钾肥的显着产量响应。在这项研究中，我们的具体目标是确定受常规以及高产生产方式影响的华北平原（NCP）的Haplic Luvisols对冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）对钾肥的响应。在NCP中进行了四个野外实验。析因研究比较了三个水平的钾肥水平（K0 =无钾; K1 =中等钾肥; K2 =高钾肥）和两个生产实践水平：常规（CP）和高产（HP）。在所有站址年，CP和HP均使小麦对钾肥的产量产生显着的正响应。平均而言，钾肥显着提高了所有三个测得的产量成分，即每穗的粒数，每公顷的穗数和千粒重。总体而言，惠普在小麦籽粒和生物量单产方面均优于CP。钾肥的施用提高了氮磷的养分利用效率，特别是在高氮条件下。总体而言，在四个站点年中，HP的N和K（PFPN和PFPK）的部分要素生产率超过了CP，而由于P输入的增加，P的局部要素生产率（PFPP）却出现了相反的趋势。在两年和两种生产实践中，特别是在HP下，在所有处理中均观察到负K平衡。在这两种生产方式下均实现了经济利润，但是在四个生产基地年中，CP和HP之间没有平均差异。因此，在NCP的Haplic Luvisols上种植小麦的农民必须考虑其土壤的钾肥水平，以实现可持续的作物生产。

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