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首页> 外文期刊>Flora >Influence of achene heteromorphism on life-cycle traits in the annual weed gallant soldier (Galinsoga parviflora Cav.)
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Influence of achene heteromorphism on life-cycle traits in the annual weed gallant soldier (Galinsoga parviflora Cav.)

机译：瘦果异质性对一年生杂草英勇战士（Galinsoga parviflora Cav。）生命周期特征的影响

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摘要

Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier), Asteraceae, produces two morphologically distinct achenes in a single capitulum: peripheral and central. The morphological, phenological and generative reproduction traits of the progeny derived from peripheral and central achenes that were cultivated in greenhouse conditions were analyzed. Differences between the progeny of various morph types were manifested at different stages of life. The plants of both morph types developed at a similar rate and they entered key phenological phases at the same time except for the flowering stage. The average height of the studied plants was similar on the same days of the experiment. The study showed that plants from peripheral achenes realize the generative reproduction in other pattern than plants from central achenes. The plants from central achenes produce more capitula per plant at the beginning of the fruiting stage, whereas plants from peripheral seeds achieve the highest number of capitula per plant at later stages. Finally, on day 130 of the experiment, the number of capitula per plant of both morphs equalized. At the early fruiting stage, the number of achenes per capitulum of plants from the two morphs did not differ significantly. The number of achenes within one capitulum decreases with plant age in both populations, but the rate of that decline is greater in the progeny of peripheral seeds. The number of peripheral achenes per capitulum in plants from both achene types decreases at a comparable rate. In contrast, the number of central achenes is reduced at a faster rate in plants germinated from peripheral achenes. After day 83, the individuals from peripheral diaspores intensified their reproductive effort; they produced more capitula but with fewer number of achenes than in individuals from central diaspores. On day 130, the number of dispores per plant of the two morphs equalized. The changes of fecundity of peripheral and central progeny with the age of the plant (at different stages of the life cycle of a single plant) contribute to an intensive seed rain throughout the fruiting period. By producing a large number of less fertile capitula with a stable number of peripheral achenes, plants derived from peripheral achenes are able to supply a higher share of peripheral achenes than if they would produce fewer but more fertile capitula. This strategy increases the pool of peripheral achenes.
机译：Galinsoga parviflora（勇敢的士兵），菊科，在一个头孢中产生两种形态不同的瘦果：外围和中央。分析了在温室条件下栽培的来自外围和中央瘦果的子代的形态，物候和生殖生殖性状。各种形态类型的后代之间的差异表现在生命的不同阶段。两种变体类型的植物以相似的速度发育，除了开花期外，它们同时进入关键的物候期。在实验的同一天，研究植物的平均身高相似。研究表明，来自外围瘦果的植物以不同于中心瘦果的植物的方式实现生殖繁殖。在结果期开始时，来自瘦果中央的植物每棵植物会产生更多的capitula，而来自外围种子的植物在后期则每株植物获得最多的capitula。最终，在实验的第130天，两种形态的每株植物的capitula数量相等。在结果期早期，来自两种形态的植物每人称重的瘦果数量没有显着差异。在两个种群中，一个种群中瘦果的数量都随着植物年龄的增长而减少，但是外围种子的后代中下降的速率更大。两种瘦果类型的植物中人均外周瘦果的数量以可比的速度下降。相反，从外围瘦果发芽的植物中中心瘦果的数量减少得更快。第83天后，来自外围水生孢子的个体增强了生殖力;与产自中部渗水孔的个体相比，它们产生的头孢更多，但瘦果的数量却更少。在第130天，两种形态的每株植物的孢子数量相等。外围和中央子代的繁殖力随植物的年龄而变化（在单个植物生命周期的不同阶段），导致整个结果期的种子雨量很大。通过生产大量具有稳定数量的末梢瘦果的可育性较弱的头皮，与生产出较少但更富生育力的头皮相比，衍生自末梢瘦果的植物能够提供更高份额的外周瘦果。这种策略增加了周围瘦果的数量。

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