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Vertical patterns and duration of surface wetness in an old-growth tropical montane forest, Indonesia

机译：印度尼西亚古老的热带山地森林的垂直湿度模式和持续时间

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摘要

In tropical montane forests, the wetness of leaf surfaces is an important parameter which may influence gas exchange, growth and vitality of leaves, and forest productivity. Thirty surface wetness sensors were operated during May-August 2004 in a vertical profile inside an old-growth lower montane rain forest of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, with the objective to analyse spatial and temporal patterns of surface wetness and to relate wetness duration to the microclimate inside the stand. The canopy was wet during 25-30% of time in this study period. In a dry period, however, surface wetness lasted for only 5% of the time, whereas the canopy was wet during 45-55% of the time in a rainy period. In the lower shade canopy, surface wetness continuously existed for periods of up to 22 h and more, although rainfall occurred only during afternoon thunderstorms of limited duration. The long duration of surface wetness has implications for forest interception models, which assume a complete drying of the canopy between subsequent rainfall events. In periods with rainfall, leaf wetness typically occurred in the afternoon, evening and first half of the night because intercepted water persisted on the leaves until about midnight. In dry periods, in contrast, surface wetness was mainly caused by dewfall in the second half of the night, and it occurred mainly in the uppermost canopy where radiative heat losses resulted in a substantial under-cooling of the leaves. Ecophysiological and hydrological importance is suggested by the long duration of surface wetting in this stand with possible implications for gas exchange, leaf growth, leaf colonization by epiphylls and the forest water balance. (c) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
机译：在热带山地森林中，叶片表面的湿度是一个重要参数，可能会影响气体交换，叶片的生长和活力以及森林生产力。在2004年5月至8月期间，印度尼西亚中部苏拉威西岛一个老生长的较低山地雨林内垂直配置了30个表面湿度传感器，目的是分析表面湿度的时空分布并将湿度持续时间与微气候联系起来。里面的立场。在此研究期间，冠层在25-30％的时间内是湿的。然而，在干燥时期，表面湿润仅持续5％的时间，而在雨季中，冠层在45-55％的时间内湿润。在较低的树冠层中，表面湿度持续存在长达22小时或更长时间，尽管降雨仅发生在持续时间有限的下午雷暴期间。长时间的地表湿润对森林截留模型有影响，森林截留模型假定随后的降雨事件之间冠层完全干燥。在降雨期间，叶子潮湿通常发生在下午，傍晚和上半夜，因为被拦截的水分持续留在叶子上直到午夜。相反，在干旱时期，表面湿润主要是由半夜的露水引起的，并且主要发生在最上层的冠层，那里的辐射热损失导致叶片明显过冷。在该林分中长时间的表面湿润表明了生态生理和水文的重要性，这可能对气体交换，叶片生长，叶生菌的叶片定植和森林水平衡产生影响。 （c）2006 Elsevier GmbH。版权所有。

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